﴿ لِيَقْطَعَ طَرَفًۭا مِّنَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ أَوْ يَكْبِتَهُمْ فَيَنقَلِبُوا۟ خَآئِبِينَ ﴾

“[and] that [through you] He might destroy some of those who were bent on denying the truth, and so abase the others that they would withdraw in utter hopelessness.”

And that He might cut off li-yaqta‘ is semantically connected to the clause containing nasarakum ‘He gave you victory’ that is to say that He might destroy a party of the disbelievers by slaying them or making them fall captive or suppress them humiliate them through defeat so that they fall back return frustrated not having secured what they desired.