🕋 تفسير سورة المرسلات
(Al-Mursalat) • المصدر: EN-AL-JALALAYN
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ وَالْمُرْسَلَاتِ عُرْفًا
📘 By those sent in succession ‘urfan that is by the winds that follow one another in succession like the mane ‘urf of a horse one part of hair coming after the other ‘urfan is in the accusative because it is a circumstantial qualifier;
وَإِذَا الْجِبَالُ نُسِفَتْ
📘 and when the mountains are blown away crushed to pieces and blown in the air
وَإِذَا الرُّسُلُ أُقِّتَتْ
📘 and when the time is set for the testimony of the messengers read uqqitat or wuqqitat that is to say when they are gathered to an appointed time
لِأَيِّ يَوْمٍ أُجِّلَتْ
📘 For what day — for a tremendous day — has it been appointed? it has been appointed for witnessing of the messengers against their communities to the effect that they delivered their messages from God.
لِيَوْمِ الْفَصْلِ
📘 For the Day of Decision for creatures from this one may infer the response to the clauses beginning with idhā ‘when’ in other words ‘when … the decision will be made for all creatures’.
وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا يَوْمُ الْفَصْلِ
📘 And how would you know what the Day of Decision is? — emphasising the enormity of its terror.
وَيْلٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ
📘 Woe to the deniers on that day! — a threat of chastisement for them.
أَلَمْ نُهْلِكِ الْأَوَّلِينَ
📘 Did We not destroy the ancients for their denial in other words We certainly destroyed them
ثُمَّ نُتْبِعُهُمُ الْآخِرِينَ
📘 then made the latter folk follow them? the latter folk of those who denied such as the disbelievers of Mecca whom We will destroy.
كَذَٰلِكَ نَفْعَلُ بِالْمُجْرِمِينَ
📘 So just as We dealt with those who denied will We deal with the guilty with every individual who will be guilty in the future and destroy them.
وَيْلٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ
📘 Woe to the deniers on that day! — reiterated for emphasis.
فَالْعَاصِفَاتِ عَصْفًا
📘 by the raging hurricanes the violent winds;
أَلَمْ نَخْلُقْكُمْ مِنْ مَاءٍ مَهِينٍ
📘 Did We not create you from a base fluid one that is delicate — and this is semen
فَجَعَلْنَاهُ فِي قَرَارٍ مَكِينٍ
📘 then lodged it in a secure abode that is the womb
إِلَىٰ قَدَرٍ مَعْلُومٍ
📘 for a known span? namely the time for delivery.
فَقَدَرْنَا فَنِعْمَ الْقَادِرُونَ
📘 Thus We were able to do this; so how excellent able ones We are!
وَيْلٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ
📘 Woe to the deniers on that day!
أَلَمْ نَجْعَلِ الْأَرْضَ كِفَاتًا
📘 Have We not made the earth a receptacle kifātan is a verbal noun from kafata meaning damma ‘enclosed’ that is an enclosure
أَحْيَاءً وَأَمْوَاتًا
📘 for the living on its surface and the dead inside it
وَجَعَلْنَا فِيهَا رَوَاسِيَ شَامِخَاتٍ وَأَسْقَيْنَاكُمْ مَاءً فُرَاتًا
📘 and set therein soaring mountains and give you sweet water to drink?
وَيْلٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ
📘 Woe to the deniers on that day!
انْطَلِقُوا إِلَىٰ مَا كُنْتُمْ بِهِ تُكَذِّبُونَ
📘 And on the Day of Resurrection it will be said to the deniers Depart to that chastisement which you used to deny!
وَالنَّاشِرَاتِ نَشْرًا
📘 by the sweeping spreaders by the winds that scatter the rains;
انْطَلِقُوا إِلَىٰ ظِلٍّ ذِي ثَلَاثِ شُعَبٍ
📘 Depart to a triple-forked shadow — this is the smoke of Hell which as it rises splits into three parts because of its magnitude —
لَا ظَلِيلٍ وَلَا يُغْنِي مِنَ اللَّهَبِ
📘 which is neither shady neither protective unable to shade them from the heat of that Day nor of any avail against nor wards off from them anything of the flame the Fire.
إِنَّهَا تَرْمِي بِشَرَرٍ كَالْقَصْرِ
📘 Indeed it that is the Fire throws up sparks namely those flame that are thrown by it into the air huge like palace edifices in terms of their enormity and vertical extension
كَأَنَّهُ جِمَالَتٌ صُفْرٌ
📘 as if they were dark yellow camels jimālātun is the plural of jimalatun the plural of jamalun; a variant reading has jimālatun in terms of their shape and colour. In hadīth it is stated ‘The sparks of humans thrown into the air by the Fire are black as pitch qīr’; the Arabs call dark camels sufr ‘yellow’ because a touch of yellow is mixed with their blackish colour and therefore it is said that ‘yellow’ in this verse actually means ‘black’ on account of what has been mentioned; but some say no to this interpretation; sharar is the plural of sharāra; qīr is qār ‘pitch’.
وَيْلٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ
📘 Woe to the deniers on that day!
هَٰذَا يَوْمُ لَا يَنْطِقُونَ
📘 This namely the Day of Resurrection is the day in which they will not utter anything
وَلَا يُؤْذَنُ لَهُمْ فَيَعْتَذِرُونَ
📘 nor will they be given permission to offer excuses and so offer excuses fa-ya‘tadhirūna is a supplement to yu’dhanu ‘given permission’ but without being a direct result of it since it belongs within the confines of the general denial of permission in other words ‘there will be no permission hence no excuses’.
وَيْلٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ
📘 Woe to the deniers on that day!
هَٰذَا يَوْمُ الْفَصْلِ ۖ جَمَعْنَاكُمْ وَالْأَوَّلِينَ
📘 ‘This is the Day of Decision. We have brought you O deniers from this community and the ancients together the ancients from among the deniers before you so that you will all be reckoned with and chastised together;
فَإِنْ كَانَ لَكُمْ كَيْدٌ فَكِيدُونِ
📘 So if you have any stratagems any ploy to ward off your chastisement try your strategems against Me!’ — put them into effect!
فَالْفَارِقَاتِ فَرْقًا
📘 by the decisive discriminators that is by the verses of the Qur’ān which discriminate between truth and falsehood and between what is lawful and what is unlawful;
وَيْلٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ
📘 Woe to the deniers on that day!
إِنَّ الْمُتَّقِينَ فِي ظِلَالٍ وَعُيُونٍ
📘 Truly the God-fearing will be amid shades that is amid clusters of trees since there is no sun therein from whose heat to seek shade and springs issuing forth with water
وَفَوَاكِهَ مِمَّا يَشْتَهُونَ
📘 and fruits such as they desire this is meant to point out that eating and drinking in Paradise is done according to their desires in contrast to the case in this world where it is predominantly determined by what people are able to procure. It will also be said to them
كُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا هَنِيئًا بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ
📘 ‘Eat and drink in full enjoyment hanī’an is a circumstantial qualifier in other words mutahanni’īna for what you used to do’ in the way of obedience.
إِنَّا كَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِي الْمُحْسِنِينَ
📘 Indeed so in the same way that We reward the God-fearing do We reward the virtuous.
وَيْلٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ
📘 Woe to the deniers on that day!
كُلُوا وَتَمَتَّعُوا قَلِيلًا إِنَّكُمْ مُجْرِمُونَ
📘 ‘Eat and enjoy — addressing the disbelievers in this world — for a little time at the end of which comes death — this is meant as a threat for them. Indeed you are guilty!’
وَيْلٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ
📘 Woe to the deniers on that day!
وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمُ ارْكَعُوا لَا يَرْكَعُونَ
📘 For when it is said to them ‘Bow down!’ perform prayer they do not bow down they do not perform prayer.
وَيْلٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ
📘 Woe to the deniers on that day!
فَالْمُلْقِيَاتِ ذِكْرًا
📘 by the casters of the remembrance that is by angels that descend with the revelation upon the prophets and messengers casting the revelation onto the various communities of mankind
فَبِأَيِّ حَدِيثٍ بَعْدَهُ يُؤْمِنُونَ
📘 In what discourse then after this namely the Qur’ān will they believe? In other words they cannot believe in any other of God’s Scriptures after having denied this Qur’ān since it comprises that inimitability i‘jāz which none of the others do.
عُذْرًا أَوْ نُذْرًا
📘 to excuse or to warn that is to say in order to excuse or to warn on behalf of God exalted be He a variant reading for nudhran and ‘udhran has nudhuran and ‘udhuran.
إِنَّمَا تُوعَدُونَ لَوَاقِعٌ
📘 Surely that which you are promised O disbelievers of Mecca in the way of resurrection and chastisement will befall it will be without any doubt.
فَإِذَا النُّجُومُ طُمِسَتْ
📘 So when the stars are obliterated when their light is extinguished
وَإِذَا السَّمَاءُ فُرِجَتْ
📘 and when the heaven is rent asunder
Book A Free Trial