﴿ وَمِنَ ٱلنَّاسِ مَن يُعْجِبُكَ قَوْلُهُۥ فِى ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَيُشْهِدُ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ مَا فِى قَلْبِهِۦ وَهُوَ أَلَدُّ ٱلْخِصَامِ ﴾

“NOW THERE IS a kind of man whose views on the life of this world may please thee greatly, and [the more so as] he cites God as witness to what is in his heart and is, moreover, exceedingly skillful in argument.”

�Yet he is the most stubborn in altercation. That is, [he is] extremely contentious [on the basis of] what is false. Indeed, ʿĀʾisha à narrated that the Prophet said, �The most abhorrent of men before God, Exalted is He, are those who are stubborn and antagonistic.� His words: