🕋 تفسير سورة الليل
(Al-Lail) • المصدر: EN-TAFSIR-AL-TUSTARI
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَىٰ
📘 By the night as it enshrouds,He said:In its inner meaning it refers to the natural self (nafs al-ṭabʿ).
فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْعُسْرَىٰ
📘 We shall surely ease his way to hardship,That is, We shall facilitate work[s] (ʿamal) for him � works that are as those of the people of the Fire. Do you not notice how He said directly after this:
وَمَا يُغْنِي عَنْهُ مَالُهُ إِذَا تَرَدَّىٰ
📘 and his wealth shall not avail him when he perishes.in the Fire.
وَإِنَّ لَنَا لَلْآخِرَةَ وَالْأُولَىٰ
📘 Truly to Us belong the Hereafter and the first [life].The Hereafter is the spiritual self (nafs al-rūḥ), and the first [life] [i.e. this world] is the natural self (nafs al-ṭabʿ). He guides one person in the direction of [his] spiritual self and another in the direction of [his] natural self.His words, Exalted is He:
وَسَيُجَنَّبُهَا الْأَتْقَى
📘 The [one who is] most mindful of God will be spared it,! he who gives his wealth away to purify himself,He said:The one who is most mindful of God (atqā) refers to al-Ṣiddiq [Abū Bakr] , who was among people the one with the greatest awareness of God; for [other] people gave and were mindful of God, but he did not even see the ephemeral (al-fānī), keeping for himself [only] the Everlasting (al-Bāqī). Thus [when] the Messenger of God asked [him], �What did you leave for yourself?�, he replied, �God and His Messenger.� His words, Exalted is He:
الَّذِي يُؤْتِي مَالَهُ يَتَزَكَّىٰ
📘 The [one who is] most mindful of God will be spared it,! he who gives his wealth away to purify himself,He said:The one who is most mindful of God (atqā) refers to al-Ṣiddiq [Abū Bakr] , who was among people the one with the greatest awareness of God; for [other] people gave and were mindful of God, but he did not even see the ephemeral (al-fānī), keeping for himself [only] the Everlasting (al-Bāqī). Thus [when] the Messenger of God asked [him], �What did you leave for yourself?�, he replied, �God and His Messenger.� His words, Exalted is He:
وَالنَّهَارِ إِذَا تَجَلَّىٰ
📘 and [by] the day as it unveils,[It refers to] the spiritual self (nafs al-rūḥ).
وَلَسَوْفَ يَرْضَىٰ
📘 And verily [soon] he shall [himself] be pleased.He said:[pleased] with what is in store for him with Us, this being the position of [receiving God�s] favour (faḍl), not the position of [receiving] a reward (thawāb); a mystery with Mystery itself (sirr bi-sirr), life with Life itself (ḥayāt bi-ḥayāt) and eternity with Eternity itself (azaliyya bi-azaliyya). But God knows best.His words, Exalted is He:
وَمَا خَلَقَ الذَّكَرَ وَالْأُنْثَىٰ
📘 and [by] the One who created the male and the female,That is, by the One who created fear (khawf) and hope (rajāʾ), fear being the male and hope being the female.
إِنَّ سَعْيَكُمْ لَشَتَّىٰ
📘 assuredly your efforts are dissimilar.There are some that are pure and some that are tainted with impurities (aḥdāth).
فَأَمَّا مَنْ أَعْطَىٰ وَاتَّقَىٰ
📘 As for him who gives and is mindful [of God]! And affirms the truth of the best [word],Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq gave of his soul and wealth with all his effort, and was on his guard against acquiescing in his natural self. He affirmed the truth of the best [word] � the word which attests to the divine oneness (kalimat al-tawḥīd). It has also been said [that this means affirming the truth of] the reward (jazāʾ), or that it means sincerity (ikhlāṣ).
وَصَدَّقَ بِالْحُسْنَىٰ
📘 As for him who gives and is mindful [of God]! And affirms the truth of the best [word],Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq gave of his soul and wealth with all his effort, and was on his guard against acquiescing in his natural self. He affirmed the truth of the best [word] � the word which attests to the divine oneness (kalimat al-tawḥīd). It has also been said [that this means affirming the truth of] the reward (jazāʾ), or that it means sincerity (ikhlāṣ).
فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْيُسْرَىٰ
📘 We shall surely ease his way to [the abode] of ease.That is, the return to goodness (khayr).
وَأَمَّا مَنْ بَخِلَ وَاسْتَغْنَىٰ
📘 But as for one who is niggardly and deems himself self-sufficient,Abū Jahl was niggardly in offering obedience to God and His Prophet; and deems himself self-sufficient � he [Abū Jahl] made it self evident that he considered himself to have no need of either [God or His Prophet].
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