🕋 تفسير سورة طه
(Taha) • المصدر: EN-TAFSIR-IBN-ABBAS
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ طه
📘 And from his narration on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas that he said upon the explanation of Allah's saying: (Ta. Ha. We have not revealed unto thee (Muhammad) this Qur'an that thou shouldst be distressed) We have not revealed the Qur'an to you that you should toil. This verse was revealed when the Prophet (pbuh) used to stand in prayer at night vigil until his feet swelled up, and so Allah alleviated this for him through this verse. He said: Taha, which in the dialect of Mecca means: O man, i.e. O Muhammad, We have not sent Gabriel with the Qur'an for you to toil.
إِذْ رَأَىٰ نَارًا فَقَالَ لِأَهْلِهِ امْكُثُوا إِنِّي آنَسْتُ نَارًا لَعَلِّي آتِيكُمْ مِنْهَا بِقَبَسٍ أَوْ أَجِدُ عَلَى النَّارِ هُدًى
📘 (When he saw a fire) on his left side (and said unto his folk: Wait) stay here! (I see a fire afar off. Peradventure I may bring you a brand therefrom) a brand of fire from there, for that night was very cold, (or may find guidance at the Fire) to show me the way.
مَنْ أَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَحْمِلُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وِزْرًا
📘 (Whoso turneth away from it) whoever disbelieves in it, (he verily will bear a burden) idolatry (on the Day of Resurrection)
خَالِدِينَ فِيهِ ۖ وَسَاءَ لَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ حِمْلًا
📘 (Abiding under it) abiding in the punishment for committing idolatry, (an evil burden for them on the Day of Resurrection) their sins are an evil burden for them on the Day of Resurrection,
يَوْمَ يُنْفَخُ فِي الصُّورِ ۚ وَنَحْشُرُ الْمُجْرِمِينَ يَوْمَئِذٍ زُرْقًا
📘 (The day when the Trumpet is blown) i.e. on the first blowing of the Trumpet. (On that day we assemble the guilty) the idolaters (white-eyed) blind,
يَتَخَافَتُونَ بَيْنَهُمْ إِنْ لَبِثْتُمْ إِلَّا عَشْرًا
📘 (Murmuring among themselves) saying to each other in murmur: (Ye have tarried) in the grave (but ten (days)).
نَحْنُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يَقُولُونَ إِذْ يَقُولُ أَمْثَلُهُمْ طَرِيقَةً إِنْ لَبِثْتُمْ إِلَّا يَوْمًا
📘 (We are best aware of what they utter) regarding the resurrection (when their best in conduct) the best of them in intellect, the most sound of judgement and the most truthful in words (say: Ye have tarried) in your graves (but a day).
وَيَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْجِبَالِ فَقُلْ يَنْسِفُهَا رَبِّي نَسْفًا
📘 (They will ask thee) O Muhammad, Allah's blessings and peace be upon him. It was the Banu Thaqif who asked him, (of the mountains (on that day)) they will ask you about the state of the mountains on the Day of Judgement. (Say) to them, O Muhammad: (My Lord will break them into scattered dust) Allah will completely uproot them.
فَيَذَرُهَا قَاعًا صَفْصَفًا
📘 (And leave it) and leave the earth (as an empty plain) without vegetation,
لَا تَرَىٰ فِيهَا عِوَجًا وَلَا أَمْتًا
📘 (Wherein thou seest neither curve) valleys or cleaves (nor ruggedness) nor plants or anything sprouting out of the earth.
يَوْمَئِذٍ يَتَّبِعُونَ الدَّاعِيَ لَا عِوَجَ لَهُ ۖ وَخَشَعَتِ الْأَصْوَاتُ لِلرَّحْمَٰنِ فَلَا تَسْمَعُ إِلَّا هَمْسًا
📘 (On that day) which is the Day of Judgement (they follow the summoner) they will all rush and go to the summoner (who deceiveth not) they will turn neither to the right nor to the left, (and voices are hushed for the Beneficent) out of awe for the Beneficent, (and thou hearest) O Muhammad (but a faint murmur).
يَوْمَئِذٍ لَا تَنْفَعُ الشَّفَاعَةُ إِلَّا مَنْ أَذِنَ لَهُ الرَّحْمَٰنُ وَرَضِيَ لَهُ قَوْلًا
📘 (On that Day) the Day of Judgement (no intercession availeth) the angels will not intercede for anyone (save (that of) him unto whom the Beneficent hath given leave) to intercede (and whose He accepteth) He accepts from him his saying: �there is no deity except Allah�:
فَلَمَّا أَتَاهَا نُودِيَ يَا مُوسَىٰ
📘 (And when he reached it) it was a green tree from which emanated a white fire, (he was called by name: O Moses!)
يَعْلَمُ مَا بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَمَا خَلْفَهُمْ وَلَا يُحِيطُونَ بِهِ عِلْمًا
📘 (He knoweth) Allah knows ((all) that is before them) all that is before the angels regarding the matter of the Hereafter (and (all) that is behind them) and all that is behind them regarding the matter of this worldly life, (while they cannot compass it in knowledge) the angels know of that which is before them or behind them only in the measure that Allah teaches them.
۞ وَعَنَتِ الْوُجُوهُ لِلْحَيِّ الْقَيُّومِ ۖ وَقَدْ خَابَ مَنْ حَمَلَ ظُلْمًا
📘 (And faces humble themselves) faces are lowered in this worldly life through prostration; it is also said that this means: the faces are humbled and submitted on the Day of Judgement (before the Living) Who dies not, (the Eternal) Who has no beginning. (And he who beareth (a burden of) wrong-doing) idolatry (is indeed a failure (on that Day)) he loses on that Day.
وَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِنَ الصَّالِحَاتِ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَلَا يَخَافُ ظُلْمًا وَلَا هَضْمًا
📘 (And he who hath done some good works) between him and his Lord, (being a believer) true in his faith, (he fears not injustice) he does not fear the thwarting of all his works (nor begrudging) nor the decrease of his works.
وَكَذَٰلِكَ أَنْزَلْنَاهُ قُرْآنًا عَرَبِيًّا وَصَرَّفْنَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْوَعِيدِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ أَوْ يُحْدِثُ لَهُمْ ذِكْرًا
📘 (Thus We have revealed it as a Lecture in Arabic) We have sent down Gabriel with the Qur'an to Muhammad (pbuh) in the Arabic usage, (and have displayed therein) and have exposited in the Qur'an (certain threats) i.e. threats and promises, (that peradventure they may keep from evil) that perhaps they may ward off disbelief, idolatry and indecencies (or that it may cause them to take heed) or obtain a reward if they believed; it is also said that this means: or obtain eminence through the profession of Allah's divine Oneness; it is also said that this means: or incur chastisement if they did not believe.
فَتَعَالَى اللَّهُ الْمَلِكُ الْحَقُّ ۗ وَلَا تَعْجَلْ بِالْقُرْآنِ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يُقْضَىٰ إِلَيْكَ وَحْيُهُ ۖ وَقُلْ رَبِّ زِدْنِي عِلْمًا
📘 (Then exalted be Allah, the True King) He exonerated Himself from having children or partners! (And hasten not with the Qur'an) do not hasten, O Muhammad, to recite the Qur'an (ere its revelation hath been perfected unto thee) before Gabriel finishes reading the Qur'an to you. This is because when Gabriel used to bring new revelations, the Prophet (pbuh) would start to repeat them after Gabriel even before the latter finished his reading, for fear of forgetting what was recited to him. Allah therefore told him to stop doing this, saying: (and say) O Muhammad: (My Lord! Increase me in knowledge) and memorisation and understanding of the Qur'an as well as in judging by the Qur'an.
وَلَقَدْ عَهِدْنَا إِلَىٰ آدَمَ مِنْ قَبْلُ فَنَسِيَ وَلَمْ نَجِدْ لَهُ عَزْمًا
📘 (And verily We made a covenant of old) before he ate from the tree; it is also said that this means: before the advent of Muhammad (pbuh) (with Adam) We commanded him not to eat from the tree, (but he forgot) he left what he was commanded to do, (and We found no constancy in him) We found in him no firmness or resoluteness.
وَإِذْ قُلْنَا لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ اسْجُدُوا لِآدَمَ فَسَجَدُوا إِلَّا إِبْلِيسَ أَبَىٰ
📘 (And when We said unto the angels) Who were on the earth: (Fall prostrate before Adam) a prostration of greeting, (they fell prostrate (all) save Iblis) their chief; (he refused) he felt too proud to prostrate before Adam.
فَقُلْنَا يَا آدَمُ إِنَّ هَٰذَا عَدُوٌّ لَكَ وَلِزَوْجِكَ فَلَا يُخْرِجَنَّكُمَا مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ فَتَشْقَىٰ
📘 (Therefore We said: O Adam! This is an enemy unto thee and unto your wife) Eve, (so let him not drive you both out of the Garden) if you obey him (so that thou come to toil) and toil as a consequence.
إِنَّ لَكَ أَلَّا تَجُوعَ فِيهَا وَلَا تَعْرَىٰ
📘 (It is (vouchsafed) unto thee that thou hungerest not therein) in Paradise (nor are naked,
وَأَنَّكَ لَا تَظْمَأُ فِيهَا وَلَا تَضْحَىٰ
📘 And that thou thirstest not therein nor are exposed to the sun's heat) He says: you are not going to sweat.
إِنِّي أَنَا رَبُّكَ فَاخْلَعْ نَعْلَيْكَ ۖ إِنَّكَ بِالْوَادِ الْمُقَدَّسِ طُوًى
📘 (Lo! I, even I, am thy Lord. So take off thy shoes) for his shoes were made of the skin of a dead ass, (for Lo! thou art in the holy valley of Tuwa) Tuwa is the name of the valley; it also said that Tuwa means: this valley has been crossed (tawathu) by prophets before you; it is also said that Tuwa is a well which was filled with stones (tuwiyyat bi'l-sakhr) in the valley where he found the tree.
فَوَسْوَسَ إِلَيْهِ الشَّيْطَانُ قَالَ يَا آدَمُ هَلْ أَدُلُّكَ عَلَىٰ شَجَرَةِ الْخُلْدِ وَمُلْكٍ لَا يَبْلَىٰ
📘 (But the Devil whispered to him) to eat of the tree, (saying: O Adam! Shall I show thee the tree of immortality) whoever eats from it will live for ever and shall never die (and power that wasteth not away) and will remain holding on to a power that will never cease?
فَأَكَلَا مِنْهَا فَبَدَتْ لَهُمَا سَوْآتُهُمَا وَطَفِقَا يَخْصِفَانِ عَلَيْهِمَا مِنْ وَرَقِ الْجَنَّةِ ۚ وَعَصَىٰ آدَمُ رَبَّهُ فَغَوَىٰ
📘 (Then they twain ate thereof) Adam and Eve ate from the tree, (so that their shame became apparent unto them) so that their nakedness appeared to them, (and they began) intentionally (to hide by heaping on themselves) by covering their nakedness with (some of the leaves of the Garden) some of the leaves of fig trees; whenever they put some on them, they fell off. (And Adam disobeyed his Lord) by eating from the tree, (so went astray) he left the way of guidance, and did not get what he wanted when he ate from the tree.
ثُمَّ اجْتَبَاهُ رَبُّهُ فَتَابَ عَلَيْهِ وَهَدَىٰ
📘 (Then his Lord chose him) by means of repentance, (and relented towards him) He overlooked his sin, (and guided him) to repentance.
قَالَ اهْبِطَا مِنْهَا جَمِيعًا ۖ بَعْضُكُمْ لِبَعْضٍ عَدُوٌّ ۖ فَإِمَّا يَأْتِيَنَّكُمْ مِنِّي هُدًى فَمَنِ اتَّبَعَ هُدَايَ فَلَا يَضِلُّ وَلَا يَشْقَىٰ
📘 (He said: Go down hence) from Paradise, (both of you) along with serpent and the peacock, (one of you a foe unto the other) i.e. the children of Adam and the serpent are foes to one another. (But if there come unto you from Me a guidance) when it comes to you, O Children of Adam, guidance from Me: a Scripture and a Messenger, (then whoso followeth My guidance) My Scripture and Messenger, (he will not go astray) by following them in the life of this world (nor come to grief) in the Hereafter.
وَمَنْ أَعْرَضَ عَنْ ذِكْرِي فَإِنَّ لَهُ مَعِيشَةً ضَنْكًا وَنَحْشُرُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَعْمَىٰ
📘 (But he who turneth away from remembrance of Me) but he who turns from professing My divine Oneness; it is also said that this means: he who disbelieves in My Scripture and Messenger, (his will be a narrow life) he will be exposed to a severe punishment in the grave; and it is also said: he will be exposed to a severe punishment in hell, (and I shall bring him blind to the assembly on the Day of Resurrection.
قَالَ رَبِّ لِمَ حَشَرْتَنِي أَعْمَىٰ وَقَدْ كُنْتُ بَصِيرًا
📘 He will say: My Lord!) O my Lord! (Wherefore hast Thou gathered me (hither) blind, when I was wont to see) in the life of this world?
قَالَ كَذَٰلِكَ أَتَتْكَ آيَاتُنَا فَنَسِيتَهَا ۖ وَكَذَٰلِكَ الْيَوْمَ تُنْسَىٰ
📘 (He will say: So (it must be)). Because (Our revelations) Our Scripture and Messenger (came unto thee but thou didst forget them) you abstained from believing in them or acting upon them. (In like manner thou art forgotten this Day) you will be left in hell.
وَكَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِي مَنْ أَسْرَفَ وَلَمْ يُؤْمِنْ بِآيَاتِ رَبِّهِ ۚ وَلَعَذَابُ الْآخِرَةِ أَشَدُّ وَأَبْقَىٰ
📘 (Thus do We reward him who is prodigal) him who associates partners with Allah (and believeth not the revelations of his Lord) i.e. the Scripture and the Messenger; (and verily the doom of the Hereafter will be sterner and more lasting) than the torment of this worldly life.
أَفَلَمْ يَهْدِ لَهُمْ كَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا قَبْلَهُمْ مِنَ الْقُرُونِ يَمْشُونَ فِي مَسَاكِنِهِمْ ۗ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِأُولِي النُّهَىٰ
📘 (Is it not a guidance for them (to know)) has it not been explained to the people of Mecca (how many a generation) past generations (We destroyed before them, amid whose dwellings they walk? Lo! Therein) in that which We did to them (verily are signs for men of thought) for men possessed of sound intellects.
وَلَوْلَا كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتْ مِنْ رَبِّكَ لَكَانَ لِزَامًا وَأَجَلٌ مُسَمًّى
📘 (And but for a decree that had already gone forth from thy Lord) that their punishment shall be postponed, (and a term already fixed) for this nation, (the judgement would (have) been inevitable (in this world)) their punishment would have been inevitable.
وَأَنَا اخْتَرْتُكَ فَاسْتَمِعْ لِمَا يُوحَىٰ
📘 (And I have chosen thee) to carry the message to Pharaoh, (so hearken unto that which is inspired) so act upon that which you have been commanded.
فَاصْبِرْ عَلَىٰ مَا يَقُولُونَ وَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ وَقَبْلَ غُرُوبِهَا ۖ وَمِنْ آنَاءِ اللَّيْلِ فَسَبِّحْ وَأَطْرَافَ النَّهَارِ لَعَلَّكَ تَرْضَىٰ
📘 (Therefore, bear with what they say) bear, O Muhammad, all their insults and denial; this verses was however abrogated by the verses of fighting, (and celebrate the praises of thy Lord) pray, O Muhammad, by the command of your Lord (ere the rising of the sun) the morning prayer (and ere the going down thereof. And glorify Him) pray the Maghrib and 'Isha' prayers (some hours of the night) after the advent of the night (and at the two ends of the day) the prayers of Zuhr and 'Asr, (that thou mayst find acceptance) that you may be given the intercession and be pleased thereby.
وَلَا تَمُدَّنَّ عَيْنَيْكَ إِلَىٰ مَا مَتَّعْنَا بِهِ أَزْوَاجًا مِنْهُمْ زَهْرَةَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا لِنَفْتِنَهُمْ فِيهِ ۚ وَرِزْقُ رَبِّكَ خَيْرٌ وَأَبْقَىٰ
📘 (And strain not your eyes) do not look out of desire (towards that which We cause some wedded pairs) men (among them) among the people of Banu Qurayzah and Banu'l-Nadir (to enjoy) wealth, (the flower of the life of the world) the adornment of this worldly life, (that We may try them thereby) that We may try them with that adornment which We have given them. (The provision of thy Lord) Paradise (is better and more lasting) than that which they have in this worldly life.
وَأْمُرْ أَهْلَكَ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَاصْطَبِرْ عَلَيْهَا ۖ لَا نَسْأَلُكَ رِزْقًا ۖ نَحْنُ نَرْزُقُكَ ۗ وَالْعَاقِبَةُ لِلتَّقْوَىٰ
📘 (And enjoin upon thy people worship) in the time of hardship, (and be constant therein) be steadfast in prayer. (We ask not of thee a provision) We do not ask you to be the provider of yourself or your family: (We provide for thee. And the sequel is for righteousness) Paradise is for the person who wards off disbelief, idolatry and indecencies.
وَقَالُوا لَوْلَا يَأْتِينَا بِآيَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّهِ ۚ أَوَلَمْ تَأْتِهِمْ بَيِّنَةُ مَا فِي الصُّحُفِ الْأُولَىٰ
📘 (And they say) i.e. the people of Mecca: (If only he would bring us) why does not Muhammad bring us (a miracle) a sign (from his Lord! Hath there not come unto them the proof) the exposition (of what is in the former Scriptures) what is in the Torah and the Gospel for they contained the attributes and description of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)?
وَلَوْ أَنَّا أَهْلَكْنَاهُمْ بِعَذَابٍ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ لَقَالُوا رَبَّنَا لَوْلَا أَرْسَلْتَ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولًا فَنَتَّبِعَ آيَاتِكَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ نَذِلَّ وَنَخْزَىٰ
📘 (And if We had destroyed them) i.e. the people of Mecca (with some punishment before it) before the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) came with the Qur'an, (they would assuredly have said) on the Day of Judgement: (Our Lord!) O our Lord! (If only Thou hadst sent unto us) why did You not send us (a messenger, so that we might have followed Your revelations) so that we you follow your Messenger and believe in Your Book (before we were (thus) humbled) before we were killed at Badr (and disgraced!) and tormented by the torment of the Day of Judgement.
قُلْ كُلٌّ مُتَرَبِّصٌ فَتَرَبَّصُوا ۖ فَسَتَعْلَمُونَ مَنْ أَصْحَابُ الصِّرَاطِ السَّوِيِّ وَمَنِ اهْتَدَىٰ
📘 (Say) to them, O Muhammad: (Each) one of us and you (is awaiting) the destruction of his opponent; (so await ye! Ye will come to know) upon the advent of chastisement on the Day of Judgement (who are the owners of the path of equity) the path of justice, (and who is right) and who among us is guided to faith'.
إِنَّنِي أَنَا اللَّهُ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا أَنَا فَاعْبُدْنِي وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ لِذِكْرِي
📘 (Lo! I, even I, am Allah. There is no God save Me. serve Me) obey Me (and establish worship for My remembrance) when you forget to perform a prayer, perform it when you do remember.
إِنَّ السَّاعَةَ آتِيَةٌ أَكَادُ أُخْفِيهَا لِتُجْزَىٰ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا تَسْعَىٰ
📘 (Lo! the Hour is surely coming) the Hour will surely take place. (But I will to keep it hidden) so how would I reveal it to any created being, (that every soul) whether it is righteous or sinner (may be rewarded for that which it striveth (to achieve)) whether it is good or evil.
فَلَا يَصُدَّنَّكَ عَنْهَا مَنْ لَا يُؤْمِنُ بِهَا وَاتَّبَعَ هَوَاهُ فَتَرْدَىٰ
📘 (Therefore, let not him turn thee aside from it) so let him not bar you from believing in it he (who believeth not therein but followeth his own desire) through denial and worship of idols, (lest thou perish).
وَمَا تِلْكَ بِيَمِينِكَ يَا مُوسَىٰ
📘 (And what is that in your right hand, O Moses?
قَالَ هِيَ عَصَايَ أَتَوَكَّأُ عَلَيْهَا وَأَهُشُّ بِهَا عَلَىٰ غَنَمِي وَلِيَ فِيهَا مَآرِبُ أُخْرَىٰ
📘 He said: This is my staff whereon I lean) when I am tired, (and wherewith I beat down branches for my sheep, and wherein I find other uses) different other uses.
قَالَ أَلْقِهَا يَا مُوسَىٰ
📘 (He said: Cast it down) from your hand, (O Moses!
مَا أَنْزَلْنَا عَلَيْكَ الْقُرْآنَ لِتَشْقَىٰ
📘 And from his narration on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas that he said upon the explanation of Allah's saying: (Ta. Ha. We have not revealed unto thee (Muhammad) this Qur'an that thou shouldst be distressed) We have not revealed the Qur'an to you that you should toil. This verse was revealed when the Prophet (pbuh) used to stand in prayer at night vigil until his feet swelled up, and so Allah alleviated this for him through this verse. He said: Taha, which in the dialect of Mecca means: O man, i.e. O Muhammad, We have not sent Gabriel with the Qur'an for you to toil.
فَأَلْقَاهَا فَإِذَا هِيَ حَيَّةٌ تَسْعَىٰ
📘 So he cast it down) from his hand, (and Lo! it was a serpent, gliding) and when it lifted its head up, Moses run away from it.
قَالَ خُذْهَا وَلَا تَخَفْ ۖ سَنُعِيدُهَا سِيرَتَهَا الْأُولَىٰ
📘 (He said) Allah said to him: (Grasp it) O Moses (and fear not. We shall return it to its former state) a staff just as it was initially.
وَاضْمُمْ يَدَكَ إِلَىٰ جَنَاحِكَ تَخْرُجْ بَيْضَاءَ مِنْ غَيْرِ سُوءٍ آيَةً أُخْرَىٰ
📘 (And thrust thy hand within your armpit, it will come forth white) shining (without hurt) it is not touched by leprosy. ((That will be) another token) another sign in addition to the staff.
لِنُرِيَكَ مِنْ آيَاتِنَا الْكُبْرَى
📘 (That We may show thee (some) of Our greater portents) Our greater signs,
اذْهَبْ إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ طَغَىٰ
📘 (Go thou unto Pharaoh! Lo! he hath transgressed (the bounds)) he became arrogant, overweening and a disbeliever.
قَالَ رَبِّ اشْرَحْ لِي صَدْرِي
📘 ((Moses) said: My Lord! Relieve my mind) soften my heart so that I do not fear him,
وَيَسِّرْ لِي أَمْرِي
📘 (And ease my task for me) make it easy for me to convey the message to Pharaoh;
وَاحْلُلْ عُقْدَةً مِنْ لِسَانِي
📘 (And loose a knot from my tongue) loosen my tongue,
يَفْقَهُوا قَوْلِي
📘 (That they may understand my saying) that they may understand what I say to them.
وَاجْعَلْ لِي وَزِيرًا مِنْ أَهْلِي
📘 (Appoint for me a henchman from my folk) appoint for me a helper from my own people,
إِلَّا تَذْكِرَةً لِمَنْ يَخْشَىٰ
📘 (But as a reminder) an admonition (unto him who feareth) unto him who embraces Islam, and We have not revealed it to you in order that you tire yourself,
هَارُونَ أَخِي
📘 (Aaron, my brother.
اشْدُدْ بِهِ أَزْرِي
📘 Confirm my strength with him) strengthen me by him.
وَأَشْرِكْهُ فِي أَمْرِي
📘 (And let him) O Lord (share my task) of conveying the message to Pharaoh,
كَيْ نُسَبِّحَكَ كَثِيرًا
📘 (That we may glorify Thee much) that we may pray to You much.
وَنَذْكُرَكَ كَثِيرًا
📘 (And much remember Thee) with our hearts and tongues.
إِنَّكَ كُنْتَ بِنَا بَصِيرًا
📘 (Lo! Thou art ever Seeing us) You have knowledge of us.
قَالَ قَدْ أُوتِيتَ سُؤْلَكَ يَا مُوسَىٰ
📘 (He said) Allah said to him: (Thou art granted thy request) what you have asked for has been granted, (O Moses) and so Allah softened his heart, made things easy for him, loosened his tongue, and appointed his brother Aaron as his helper.
وَلَقَدْ مَنَنَّا عَلَيْكَ مَرَّةً أُخْرَىٰ
📘 (And indeed, another time) other than this time, (already We have shown thee favour) We have favoured you at another time, i.e. other than this time,
إِذْ أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَىٰ أُمِّكَ مَا يُوحَىٰ
📘 (When We inspired in thy mother that which is inspired,
أَنِ اقْذِفِيهِ فِي التَّابُوتِ فَاقْذِفِيهِ فِي الْيَمِّ فَلْيُلْقِهِ الْيَمُّ بِالسَّاحِلِ يَأْخُذْهُ عَدُوٌّ لِي وَعَدُوٌّ لَهُ ۚ وَأَلْقَيْتُ عَلَيْكَ مَحَبَّةً مِنِّي وَلِتُصْنَعَ عَلَىٰ عَيْنِي
📘 Saying: Throw him into the ark) put the baby in the ark, (and throw it into the river) and place the ark in the river, (then the river shall throw it on to the bank) of the river, (and there an enemy to Me) as concern Religion, i.e. Pharaoh (and an enemy to him) who intends to kill (shall take him) shall pick him up. (And I endued thee with love from Me) O Moses, such that whoever sees you loves you (that thou mightest be trained according to My will) whatever was done to you was under our very watch,
تَنْزِيلًا مِمَّنْ خَلَقَ الْأَرْضَ وَالسَّمَاوَاتِ الْعُلَى
📘 (A revelation) He says: the Qur'an consists of the words spoken (from Him Who created the earth and the high heavens) He raised them one above the other,
إِذْ تَمْشِي أُخْتُكَ فَتَقُولُ هَلْ أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَىٰ مَنْ يَكْفُلُهُ ۖ فَرَجَعْنَاكَ إِلَىٰ أُمِّكَ كَيْ تَقَرَّ عَيْنُهَا وَلَا تَحْزَنَ ۚ وَقَتَلْتَ نَفْسًا فَنَجَّيْنَاكَ مِنَ الْغَمِّ وَفَتَنَّاكَ فُتُونًا ۚ فَلَبِثْتَ سِنِينَ فِي أَهْلِ مَدْيَنَ ثُمَّ جِئْتَ عَلَىٰ قَدَرٍ يَا مُوسَىٰ
📘 (When your sister went) when she entered Pharaoh's palace (and said: Shall I show you one who will nurse him) breastfeed him? (and We restored thee) We returned you to your mother (to your mother that her eyes might be refreshed) that she might be comforted (and might not sorrow) thinking that her son may have died upon throwing him in the river. (And thou didst kill a man) a Coptic man (and We delivered thee from great distress) from the distress caused to you by the people, (and tried thee with a heavy trial) We tried again and again. (And thou didst tarry years) ten years (among the folk of Midian. Then comest thou (hither) by (My) providence, O Moses) then you came to face My decree, in that I spoke with you and sent you with a message to Pharaoh,
وَاصْطَنَعْتُكَ لِنَفْسِي
📘 (And I have attached thee to Myself) I have selected you for Myself by favouring you with the message.
اذْهَبْ أَنْتَ وَأَخُوكَ بِآيَاتِي وَلَا تَنِيَا فِي ذِكْرِي
📘 (Go, thou and thy brother) Aaron, (with My tokens) the hand and the staff, (and be not faint in remembrance of Me) do not weaken, wane or slacken in conveying My message to Pharaoh.
اذْهَبَا إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ طَغَىٰ
📘 (Go, both of you, unto Pharaoh. Lo! he hath transgressed (the bounds)) he has become arrogant, overweening and a disbeliever.
فَقُولَا لَهُ قَوْلًا لَيِّنًا لَعَلَّهُ يَتَذَكَّرُ أَوْ يَخْشَىٰ
📘 (And speak unto him a gentle word) a kind word: �there is no deity except Allah�; it is also said that this means: call him by his agnomen, (that peradventure he may heed) that perhaps he may take admonition (or fear) or surrender [to Allah].
قَالَا رَبَّنَا إِنَّنَا نَخَافُ أَنْ يَفْرُطَ عَلَيْنَا أَوْ أَنْ يَطْغَىٰ
📘 (They said: Our Lord! Lo! we fear that he may be beforehand with us) we fear that he may be hasty with us (or that he may play the tyrant) and kill us.
قَالَ لَا تَخَافَا ۖ إِنَّنِي مَعَكُمَا أَسْمَعُ وَأَرَىٰ
📘 (He said) Allah said to them: (Fear not) being beaten or killed. (Lo! I am with you twain) helping you, (Hearing) what you will be told (and Seeing) what he will do with you.
فَأْتِيَاهُ فَقُولَا إِنَّا رَسُولَا رَبِّكَ فَأَرْسِلْ مَعَنَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَلَا تُعَذِّبْهُمْ ۖ قَدْ جِئْنَاكَ بِآيَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكَ ۖ وَالسَّلَامُ عَلَىٰ مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدَىٰ
📘 (So go ye unto him) to Pharaoh (and say: Lo! we are two messengers of thy Lord) to you. (So let the Children of Israel go with us) to their homeland, (and torment them not) do not toil them with work, nor kill their men and use their women as servants, because they are free. (We bring thee a token) a sign (from thy Lord) i.e. the sign of the hand, which is the first sign that he showed to Pharaoh (And peace will be for him who follows right guidance) monotheism.
إِنَّا قَدْ أُوحِيَ إِلَيْنَا أَنَّ الْعَذَابَ عَلَىٰ مَنْ كَذَّبَ وَتَوَلَّىٰ
📘 (Lo! it hath been revealed unto us that the) continuous (doom will be for him who denieth) God's divine Oneness (and turneth away) from faith.
قَالَ فَمَنْ رَبُّكُمَا يَا مُوسَىٰ
📘 ((Pharaoh) said: Who then is the Lord of you twain, O Moses?)
الرَّحْمَٰنُ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ اسْتَوَىٰ
📘 (The Beneficent One, Who is established on the Throne) it is also said that this means: He filled it; and it is also said that this is a mystery that cannot be explained.
قَالَ رَبُّنَا الَّذِي أَعْطَىٰ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ خَلْقَهُ ثُمَّ هَدَىٰ
📘 (He said: Our Lord is He Who gave unto everything its nature) its shape, He gave to humans human progeny, to camels, donkeys and sheep progenies of their own species, (then guided it aright) then He inspired them how to eat, drink and copulate.
قَالَ فَمَا بَالُ الْقُرُونِ الْأُولَىٰ
📘 (He said) Pharaoh said to Moses: (What then is the state of the generations of old?) What is the events of the people of old? How did they perish?
قَالَ عِلْمُهَا عِنْدَ رَبِّي فِي كِتَابٍ ۖ لَا يَضِلُّ رَبِّي وَلَا يَنْسَى
📘 (He said) Moses said: (The knowledge thereof) the knowledge of their destruction (is with my Lord) written down (in a Record) i.e. the Guarded Tablet. (My Lord neither erreth) He does not make mistakes nor is He oblivious to their matter (nor forgetteth) their matter and leave them unpunished,
الَّذِي جَعَلَ لَكُمُ الْأَرْضَ مَهْدًا وَسَلَكَ لَكُمْ فِيهَا سُبُلًا وَأَنْزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً فَأَخْرَجْنَا بِهِ أَزْوَاجًا مِنْ نَبَاتٍ شَتَّىٰ
📘 (Who hath appointed the earth as a bed and hath threaded roads) to use for going and coming (for you therein) in the earth (and hath sent down water) rain (from the sky and thereby) by means of the rain (We have brought forth diverse kinds of vegetation) of different colours,
كُلُوا وَارْعَوْا أَنْعَامَكُمْ ۗ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِأُولِي النُّهَىٰ
📘 ((Saying): Eat ye) that which you eat (and feed your) grazing (cattle) from its vegetation. (Lo! Herein) in their difference and different colours (verily are portents) signs (for men of thought) for those endowed with intellect among people.
۞ مِنْهَا خَلَقْنَاكُمْ وَفِيهَا نُعِيدُكُمْ وَمِنْهَا نُخْرِجُكُمْ تَارَةً أُخْرَىٰ
📘 (Thereof) from the earth (We created you) He says We created you from Adam and Adam is from dust, and the dust is from the earth, (and thereunto) to the earth (we return you) He says: We bury you (and thence) from the earth (We bring you forth) He says: from the grave We shall bring you forth (a second time) after death, i.e. for the Resurrection.
وَلَقَدْ أَرَيْنَاهُ آيَاتِنَا كُلَّهَا فَكَذَّبَ وَأَبَىٰ
📘 (And We verily did show him) i.e. Pharaoh (all Our tokens) the hand, the staff, the flood, the locusts, the lice, the frogs, blood, drought and lack of harvest, (but he denied them) i.e. the signs and said that they are not from Allah (and refused) to surrender to Allah, rejecting thus all the signs.
قَالَ أَجِئْتَنَا لِتُخْرِجَنَا مِنْ أَرْضِنَا بِسِحْرِكَ يَا مُوسَىٰ
📘 (He said) to Moses: (Hast thou come to drive us out from our land) Egypt (by thy magic, O Moses?
فَلَنَأْتِيَنَّكَ بِسِحْرٍ مِثْلِهِ فَاجْعَلْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكَ مَوْعِدًا لَا نُخْلِفُهُ نَحْنُ وَلَا أَنْتَ مَكَانًا سُوًى
📘 But we surely can produce magic the like thereof) like the magic you produced; (so appoint a tryst) appoint a time of encounter (between us and you, which neither we nor thou shall fail to keep, at a place convenient (to us both)) other than this place; it is also said that this means: a place that is fair to both of us.
قَالَ مَوْعِدُكُمْ يَوْمُ الزِّينَةِ وَأَنْ يُحْشَرَ النَّاسُ ضُحًى
📘 ((Moses) said: Your tryst) the appointed time (shall be the day of the feast) the day of the market, it is also said this means the day of celebration; and it is also said this means the new year's day, (and let the people assemble) from all the townships (when the sun hath risen high) at the time of mid-morning.
لَهُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا وَمَا تَحْتَ الثَّرَىٰ
📘 (Unto Him belongeth whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth, and whatsoever is between them) of created beings and marvels, (and whatsoever is beneath the sod) that which is beneath the seven earths. This is because the seven earths are above water, and water is above the whale, the whale is above the rock and the rock is above the two horns of the bull and the bull is above the dust, and the dust is moist soil and none knows what is beneath it except Allah.
فَتَوَلَّىٰ فِرْعَوْنُ فَجَمَعَ كَيْدَهُ ثُمَّ أَتَىٰ
📘 (Then Pharaoh went) to his folk (and gathered his strength) he gathered his advisers and magicians who were 72 in number (and came (to the appointed tryst)) to the appointed time of the gathering.
قَالَ لَهُمْ مُوسَىٰ وَيْلَكُمْ لَا تَفْتَرُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا فَيُسْحِتَكُمْ بِعَذَابٍ ۖ وَقَدْ خَابَ مَنِ افْتَرَىٰ
📘 (Moses said unto them) to the magicians: (Woe unto you!) may Allah tighten this worldly life for you (Invent not a lie against Allah, lest He extirpate you) lest He destroys you (by some punishment) from Him. (He who lieth) about Allah (faileth miserably) loses miserably.
فَتَنَازَعُوا أَمْرَهُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ وَأَسَرُّوا النَّجْوَىٰ
📘 (Then they debated one with another what they must do) they consulted with one another and decided that if Moses defeats them, they will believe in him, (and they kept their counsel secret) from Pharaoh.
قَالُوا إِنْ هَٰذَانِ لَسَاحِرَانِ يُرِيدَانِ أَنْ يُخْرِجَاكُمْ مِنْ أَرْضِكُمْ بِسِحْرِهِمَا وَيَذْهَبَا بِطَرِيقَتِكُمُ الْمُثْلَىٰ
📘 Then (They said) openly: (Lo! these are two wizards) i.e. Moses and Aaron are two wizards (who would drive you out from your country) Egypt (by their magic, and destroy your best traditions) your religion and your best men;
فَأَجْمِعُوا كَيْدَكُمْ ثُمَّ ائْتُوا صَفًّا ۚ وَقَدْ أَفْلَحَ الْيَوْمَ مَنِ اسْتَعْلَىٰ
📘 (So arrange your plan) your scheming, magic and knowledge, (and come in battle line) all together. (Whoso is uppermost) victorious (this day will be indeed successful).
قَالُوا يَا مُوسَىٰ إِمَّا أَنْ تُلْقِيَ وَإِمَّا أَنْ نَكُونَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ أَلْقَىٰ
📘 (They said) the magicians said to Moses: (O Moses! Either throw first) either you throw your staff to the ground first, (or let us be the first to throw?)
قَالَ بَلْ أَلْقُوا ۖ فَإِذَا حِبَالُهُمْ وَعِصِيُّهُمْ يُخَيَّلُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ سِحْرِهِمْ أَنَّهَا تَسْعَىٰ
📘 (He said) Moses said to them: (Nay, do ye throw) you first! And so they threw 72 staffs and 72 ropes. (Then Lo! their cords and their staves, by their magic, appeared to him) to Moses (as though they ran) they moved about.
فَأَوْجَسَ فِي نَفْسِهِ خِيفَةً مُوسَىٰ
📘 (And Moses conceived a fear in his mind) Moses concealed his fear of them. He was afraid that they would kill all those who believed in him, if he failed to defeat them.
قُلْنَا لَا تَخَفْ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْأَعْلَىٰ
📘 (We said) to Moses: (Fear not! Lo! thou art the higher) you will be victorious over them.
وَأَلْقِ مَا فِي يَمِينِكَ تَلْقَفْ مَا صَنَعُوا ۖ إِنَّمَا صَنَعُوا كَيْدُ سَاحِرٍ ۖ وَلَا يُفْلِحُ السَّاحِرُ حَيْثُ أَتَىٰ
📘 (Throw) to the ground (that which is in thy right hand) O Moses! (It will eat up) it will swallow (that which they have made) that which they have thrown of staffs and ropes. (Lo! that which they have made) that which they have thrown to the ground is (but a wizard's artifice, and a wizard shall not be successful) he shall not be safe nor escape Allah's chastisement or succeed (to whatever point (of skill) he may attain) wherever he is.
وَإِنْ تَجْهَرْ بِالْقَوْلِ فَإِنَّهُ يَعْلَمُ السِّرَّ وَأَخْفَى
📘 (And if thou speakest aloud) and act openly, (then Lo! He knoweth the secret (thought)) and secret action (and (that which is yet) more hidden) than that which is a secret, whether it has ensued from you or has not yet ensued from you but will in the future. Allah knows all that.
فَأُلْقِيَ السَّحَرَةُ سُجَّدًا قَالُوا آمَنَّا بِرَبِّ هَارُونَ وَمُوسَىٰ
📘 (Then the wizards were (all) flung down prostrate) their prostration was so quick that one had the impression they were thrown to the ground, (crying) i.e. the magicians: (We believe in the Lord of Aaron and Moses.
قَالَ آمَنْتُمْ لَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ آذَنَ لَكُمْ ۖ إِنَّهُ لَكَبِيرُكُمُ الَّذِي عَلَّمَكُمُ السِّحْرَ ۖ فَلَأُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيْدِيَكُمْ وَأَرْجُلَكُمْ مِنْ خِلَافٍ وَلَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمْ فِي جُذُوعِ النَّخْلِ وَلَتَعْلَمُنَّ أَيُّنَا أَشَدُّ عَذَابًا وَأَبْقَىٰ
📘 (Pharaoh) said) to them: (Ye put faith in him before I give you leave) you believed in him before I commanded you to do so. (Lo! he is) i.e. Moses (your chief) the most erudite of you (who taught you magic. Now surely I shall cut off your hands and your feet alternately) the right hand with the left leg, (and I shall crucify you on the trunks of palm-trees, and ye shall know for certain which of us hath sterner and more lasting punishment) me or the Lord of Moses and Aaron.
قَالُوا لَنْ نُؤْثِرَكَ عَلَىٰ مَا جَاءَنَا مِنَ الْبَيِّنَاتِ وَالَّذِي فَطَرَنَا ۖ فَاقْضِ مَا أَنْتَ قَاضٍ ۖ إِنَّمَا تَقْضِي هَٰذِهِ الْحَيَاةَ الدُّنْيَا
📘 (They said) the magicians said to Pharaoh: (We choose thee not) we will not choose worshipping and obeying you (above the clear proofs) of commands, prohibitions, the Scripture, the Messenger and all the signs (that have come unto us, and above Him Who created us) we will choose to worship He who created us. (So decree what thou wilt decree) so proceed to do whatever you wish and sentence us with whatever sentence you wish. (Thou wilt end for us only the life of the world) you will sentence us only in this worldly life but you do not have any power over us in the Hereafter.
إِنَّا آمَنَّا بِرَبِّنَا لِيَغْفِرَ لَنَا خَطَايَانَا وَمَا أَكْرَهْتَنَا عَلَيْهِ مِنَ السِّحْرِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ خَيْرٌ وَأَبْقَىٰ
📘 (Lo! we believe in our Lord, that He may forgive us our sins) our idolatry (and the magic unto which thou didst force us) the magic which you coerced us to learn. (Allah is better and more lasting) that which is with Allah of reward and favour is better and more lasting that the wealth you give us.
إِنَّهُ مَنْ يَأْتِ رَبَّهُ مُجْرِمًا فَإِنَّ لَهُ جَهَنَّمَ لَا يَمُوتُ فِيهَا وَلَا يَحْيَىٰ
📘 (Lo! whoso cometh) on the Day of Judgement (guilty) an idolater (unto his Lord, verily for him is hell. There he will neither die) such that he finds rest (nor live) a beneficial life.
وَمَنْ يَأْتِهِ مُؤْمِنًا قَدْ عَمِلَ الصَّالِحَاتِ فَأُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمُ الدَّرَجَاتُ الْعُلَىٰ
📘 (But whoso cometh unto Him) on the Day of Judgement (a believer) sincere in his faith, (having done good works) secretly between himself and his Lord, (for such are the high stations) in the Gardens;
جَنَّاتُ عَدْنٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا ۚ وَذَٰلِكَ جَزَاءُ مَنْ تَزَكَّىٰ
📘 Then He explained, saying: (Gardens of Eden) this is the Abode of the All-Merciful which He created with His own Hand and power in the middle of the Gardens of Paradise (underneath which) beneath its trees and habitations (rivers) rivers of wine, water, honey and milk (flow, wherein they will abide for ever) living in Paradise, neither to die nor leave it. (That) that Garden and eternity (is the reward of him who groweth) is the reward of he who believes in Allah's divine Oneness and then does good works.
وَلَقَدْ أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَىٰ مُوسَىٰ أَنْ أَسْرِ بِعِبَادِي فَاضْرِبْ لَهُمْ طَرِيقًا فِي الْبَحْرِ يَبَسًا لَا تَخَافُ دَرَكًا وَلَا تَخْشَىٰ
📘 (And verily We inspired Moses, saying: Take away) lead (My slaves by night) at the beginning of the night (and strike for them) show them (a dry path in the sea, fearing not to be overtaken) by Pharaoh, (neither being afraid (of the sea)) neither being afraid of drowning.
فَأَتْبَعَهُمْ فِرْعَوْنُ بِجُنُودِهِ فَغَشِيَهُمْ مِنَ الْيَمِّ مَا غَشِيَهُمْ
📘 (Then Pharaoh followed with his hosts and there covered them that which did cover them of the sea) they drowned in the sea.
وَأَضَلَّ فِرْعَوْنُ قَوْمَهُ وَمَا هَدَىٰ
📘 (And Pharaoh led his folk astray) Pharaoh destroyed his people in the sea, (he did not guide them) he did not save them; it is also said that this means: he misguided them regarding Allah's religion and did not guide them to the Truth.
اللَّهُ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۖ لَهُ الْأَسْمَاءُ الْحُسْنَىٰ
📘 (Allah! There is no God save Him) alone without any partner. (His are the most beautiful names) His are the most exalted attributes, so call upon Him through them.
يَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قَدْ أَنْجَيْنَاكُمْ مِنْ عَدُوِّكُمْ وَوَاعَدْنَاكُمْ جَانِبَ الطُّورِ الْأَيْمَنَ وَنَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَنَّ وَالسَّلْوَىٰ
📘 (O Children of Israel!) O Children of Jacob (We delivered you from your enemy) from Pharaoh, (and We made a covenant with you on the holy mountain's side) the right side of Moses by giving him the Scripture, (and sent down on you the manna and the quails) in the wilderness,
كُلُوا مِنْ طَيِّبَاتِ مَا رَزَقْنَاكُمْ وَلَا تَطْغَوْا فِيهِ فَيَحِلَّ عَلَيْكُمْ غَضَبِي ۖ وَمَنْ يَحْلِلْ عَلَيْهِ غَضَبِي فَقَدْ هَوَىٰ
📘 ((Saying): Eat of the good things) of the lawful things (wherewith We have provided you) of manna and quails, (and transgress not in respect thereof) do not disbelieve in Him; it is also said that this means: do not save for the next day (lest My wrath) and torment (come upon you; and he on whom My wrath cometh) and he on whom my wrath and torment is decreed, (he is lost indeed) he is destroyed.
وَإِنِّي لَغَفَّارٌ لِمَنْ تَابَ وَآمَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا ثُمَّ اهْتَدَىٰ
📘 (And lo! verily I am Forgiving towards him who repenteth) from idolatry (and believeth) in Allah (and doeth good) with sincerity, (and afterward walketh aright) then truly sees the reward of his works; it is also said that this means: he is guided to the community of the orthodox faithful (ahl al-sunnah wa'l-jama'ah) and dies in that state.
۞ وَمَا أَعْجَلَكَ عَنْ قَوْمِكَ يَا مُوسَىٰ
📘 When Moses was about to go with the seventy chosen men to the tryst, he hastened and went ahead of them; (And (it was said)) Allah said to him: (What hath made thee hasten from thy folk, O Moses?
قَالَ هُمْ أُولَاءِ عَلَىٰ أَثَرِي وَعَجِلْتُ إِلَيْكَ رَبِّ لِتَرْضَىٰ
📘 He said: They are close upon my track) they are following in my track. And (I hastened unto Thee that Thou mightest be well pleased) so that Your good pleasure with me is increased.
قَالَ فَإِنَّا قَدْ فَتَنَّا قَوْمَكَ مِنْ بَعْدِكَ وَأَضَلَّهُمُ السَّامِرِيُّ
📘 (He said) O Moses! (Lo! We have tried thy folk) with the worship of the calf (in thine absence) after you set off for the mountain, (and al-Samiri hath misled them) al-Samiri commanded them to do so.
فَرَجَعَ مُوسَىٰ إِلَىٰ قَوْمِهِ غَضْبَانَ أَسِفًا ۚ قَالَ يَا قَوْمِ أَلَمْ يَعِدْكُمْ رَبُّكُمْ وَعْدًا حَسَنًا ۚ أَفَطَالَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْعَهْدُ أَمْ أَرَدْتُمْ أَنْ يَحِلَّ عَلَيْكُمْ غَضَبٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ فَأَخْلَفْتُمْ مَوْعِدِي
📘 (Then Moses went back) when Moses went back (unto his folk) with the 70 men and heard the sound of the sedition, he became (angry and sad. He said: O my people! Hath not your Lord promised you a fair promise) a true promise? (Did the time appointed then appear too long for you) did I exceed the appointed time, (or did ye wish that wrath from your Lord should come upon you) should become prescribed upon you, (that ye broke tryst with me) that you went against my promise?
قَالُوا مَا أَخْلَفْنَا مَوْعِدَكَ بِمَلْكِنَا وَلَٰكِنَّا حُمِّلْنَا أَوْزَارًا مِنْ زِينَةِ الْقَوْمِ فَقَذَفْنَاهَا فَكَذَٰلِكَ أَلْقَى السَّامِرِيُّ
📘 (They said) O Moses: (We broke not tryst with thee) we did not go against your promise (of our own will) intentionally knowing that we were doing so, (but we were laden with burdens) loads (of ornaments of the folk) of the ornament of the people of Pharaoh, and the evil omen of that burden led us to worship the calf, (then cast them) then we cast the ornament ((in the Fire), for thus al-Samiri proposed) just as al-Samiri did.
فَأَخْرَجَ لَهُمْ عِجْلًا جَسَدًا لَهُ خُوَارٌ فَقَالُوا هَٰذَا إِلَٰهُكُمْ وَإِلَٰهُ مُوسَىٰ فَنَسِيَ
📘 (Then he produced for them) from the gold they threw in the Fire, al-Samiri made for them (a calf, of saffron hue) a small form without a spirit, (which gave forth a lowing sound. And they cried) what is this? And al-Samiri said: (This is your God and the God of Moses, but he hath forgotten) al-Samiri abandoned Allah's worship and command; it is also said that this means: Moses left the way and took a wrong turn.
أَفَلَا يَرَوْنَ أَلَّا يَرْجِعُ إِلَيْهِمْ قَوْلًا وَلَا يَمْلِكُ لَهُمْ ضَرًّا وَلَا نَفْعًا
📘 Allah then said: (See they not) i.e. al-Samiri and his host, (then, that it) the calf (returneth no saying unto them) does not answer them (and possesseth for them) and has no power (neither hurt) either to drive away harm from them (nor use) or bring benefit to them?
وَهَلْ أَتَاكَ حَدِيثُ مُوسَىٰ
📘 (Hath there come unto thee) it had not come to you before, O Muhammad, but has now, (the story of Moses) the event of Moses?
وَلَقَدْ قَالَ لَهُمْ هَارُونُ مِنْ قَبْلُ يَا قَوْمِ إِنَّمَا فُتِنْتُمْ بِهِ ۖ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكُمُ الرَّحْمَٰنُ فَاتَّبِعُونِي وَأَطِيعُوا أَمْرِي
📘 (And Aaron indeed had told them beforehand) before the return of Moses (pbuh) to them: (O my people! Ye are but being seduced therewith) you have been tried with the lowing sound and the worship of the calf, (for lo! your Lord is the Beneficent, so follow me) regarding His religion (and obey my order) obey my saying and advice.
قَالُوا لَنْ نَبْرَحَ عَلَيْهِ عَاكِفِينَ حَتَّىٰ يَرْجِعَ إِلَيْنَا مُوسَىٰ
📘 (They said: We shall by no means cease to be its votaries) we will continue to worship it (till Moses return unto us).
قَالَ يَا هَارُونُ مَا مَنَعَكَ إِذْ رَأَيْتَهُمْ ضَلُّوا
📘 When Moses returned, (He said) to Aaron: (O Aaron! What held thee back when thou didst see them gone astray) from the right way,
أَلَّا تَتَّبِعَنِ ۖ أَفَعَصَيْتَ أَمْرِي
📘 (That thou followedst me not) that you failed to follow my advice and fight against them? (Hast thou then disobeyed my order) have you then discarded my advice?
قَالَ يَا ابْنَ أُمَّ لَا تَأْخُذْ بِلِحْيَتِي وَلَا بِرَأْسِي ۖ إِنِّي خَشِيتُ أَنْ تَقُولَ فَرَّقْتَ بَيْنَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَلَمْ تَرْقُبْ قَوْلِي
📘 (He said) Aaron said to Moses: (O son of my mother) he mentioned their mother so that he be kind and compassionate with him! (Clutch not my beard nor my head) nor my hair! (I feared lest thou shouldst say: Thou hast caused division among the Children of Israel) if I had killed them, (and hast not waited for my word) and did not wait until I come back. This is why I refrained from fighting them.
قَالَ فَمَا خَطْبُكَ يَا سَامِرِيُّ
📘 Then Moses went to al-Samiri, and he (said: And what hast thou to say, O Samiri?) What drove you to worship the calf, O Samiri?
قَالَ بَصُرْتُ بِمَا لَمْ يَبْصُرُوا بِهِ فَقَبَضْتُ قَبْضَةً مِنْ أَثَرِ الرَّسُولِ فَنَبَذْتُهَا وَكَذَٰلِكَ سَوَّلَتْ لِي نَفْسِي
📘 (He said) al-Samiri said: (I perceived what they perceive not) I saw what the children of Israel did not see. Moses asked him: and what did you see that they did not? He said: I saw Gabriel riding a female horse, Balqa', the beast of life, (so I seized a handful from the footsteps of the messenger) from the dust upon which Gabriel's horse stepped on, (and then threw it in) and threw it in the calf's mouth and behind. (Thus my soul commended to me) thus did my soul entice me to do.
قَالَ فَاذْهَبْ فَإِنَّ لَكَ فِي الْحَيَاةِ أَنْ تَقُولَ لَا مِسَاسَ ۖ وَإِنَّ لَكَ مَوْعِدًا لَنْ تُخْلَفَهُ ۖ وَانْظُرْ إِلَىٰ إِلَٰهِكَ الَّذِي ظَلْتَ عَلَيْهِ عَاكِفًا ۖ لَنُحَرِّقَنَّهُ ثُمَّ لَنَنْسِفَنَّهُ فِي الْيَمِّ نَسْفًا
📘 ((Moses) said) to him: (Then go) O Samiri! (And lo! in this life) for as long as you live (it is for thee to say: Touch me not) you do not interact with anyone and no one will interact with you! (and lo! there is for you a tryst) you have an appointed time on the Day of Judgement (thou canst not break) you cannot miss. (Now look upon your god of which thou hast remained a votary) look at the god which you worshipped. (Verily we will burn it and will scatter its dust over the sea)
إِنَّمَا إِلَٰهُكُمُ اللَّهُ الَّذِي لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۚ وَسِعَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ عِلْمًا
📘 (Your God is only Allah, than Whom there is no other God) He has no children or partners. (He embraceth all things in His knowledge) He knows all things.
كَذَٰلِكَ نَقُصُّ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ أَنْبَاءِ مَا قَدْ سَبَقَ ۚ وَقَدْ آتَيْنَاكَ مِنْ لَدُنَّا ذِكْرًا
📘 (Thus relate Who unto thee) in this way we sent you, O Muhammad, Gabriel with (some tidings of that which happened of old) with the events of past nations, (and We have given thee from Our presence a Reminder) We have honoured you with the Qur'an which contains the events of past and future generations.
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