🕋 تفسير سورة الشعراء
(Ash-Shuara) • المصدر: EN-TAFSIR-IBN-ABBAS
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ طسم
📘 And from his narration on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas that he said about the interpretation of Allah's saying (Ta. Sin. Mim.): '(Ta. Sin. Mim.) He says: Ta stands for His might (tawluh) and power, Sin stands for His majesty (sana'uh), and Mim stands for His dominion (mulkuh); it is also said that (Ta. Sin. Mim.) is an oath by which Allah swore.
وَإِذْ نَادَىٰ رَبُّكَ مُوسَىٰ أَنِ ائْتِ الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ
📘 (And when thy Lord called Moses) it is also said that this means: and when your Lord commanded Moses, (saying: Go unto the wrong-doing folk) the disbelieving folk,
فَمَا لَنَا مِنْ شَافِعِينَ
📘 (Now we have no intercessors) from amongst the angels, prophets or righteous people who may intercede for us,
وَلَا صَدِيقٍ حَمِيمٍ
📘 (Nor any loving friend) nor anyone close who might be interested in our plight.
فَلَوْ أَنَّ لَنَا كَرَّةً فَنَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
📘 (Oh, that we had another turn) in the life of the world, (that we might be of the believers!
إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَةً ۖ وَمَا كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ
📘 Lo! Herein) in that which I have mentioned of their states (is indeed a portent) a sign and an admonition, (yet most of them are not believers!) that is, if they were to have another turn in the life of the world; it is also said that this means: they were not believers and most of them were disbelievers.
وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ
📘 (And lo, thy Lord! He is Indeed the Mighty) in retribution against them, (the Merciful) towards the believers.
كَذَّبَتْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ الْمُرْسَلِينَ
📘 (Noah's folk denied the messengers (of Allah)) i.e. they denied Noah and all the other messengers who were mentioned by Noah,
إِذْ قَالَ لَهُمْ أَخُوهُمْ نُوحٌ أَلَا تَتَّقُونَ
📘 (When their brother) their Prophet; he was not their brother in religion but only in kinship (Noah said unto them: Will ye not ward off (evil)) the worship of other than Allah?
إِنِّي لَكُمْ رَسُولٌ أَمِينٌ
📘 (Lo! I am a faithful messenger) faithful in conveying the message; it is also said that this means: I was deemed very trustworthy in your eyes before this, so how could you doubt me today, (unto you) from Allah,
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ
📘 (So keep your duty to Allah) so fear Allah regarding that which He has commanded you of repentance and faith, (and obey me) and follow my way and religion.
وَمَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَجْرٍ ۖ إِنْ أَجْرِيَ إِلَّا عَلَىٰ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
📘 (And I ask of you no wage) no provision (therefore) in exchange for the profession of Allah's divine Oneness; (my wage) my provision (is the concern only of the Lord of the Worlds.
قَوْمَ فِرْعَوْنَ ۚ أَلَا يَتَّقُونَ
📘 (The folk of Pharaoh. Will they not ward off (evil)) and tell: will they not ward off the worship of other than Allah?
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ
📘 So keep your duty to Allah) so fear Allah regarding that which He has commanded you of repentance and faith, (and obey me) and follow my advice.
۞ قَالُوا أَنُؤْمِنُ لَكَ وَاتَّبَعَكَ الْأَرْذَلُونَ
📘 (They said: Shall we put faith in thee) shall we believe in you, O Noah, (when the lowest (of the people) follow thee) when our most lowly and weak have followed you? We will not believe in you until you repulse them.
قَالَ وَمَا عِلْمِي بِمَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ
📘 (He said) Noah said: (And what knowledge have I of what they may have been doing (in the past)) I do not know whether it is you or them who will agree with me?
إِنْ حِسَابُهُمْ إِلَّا عَلَىٰ رَبِّي ۖ لَوْ تَشْعُرُونَ
📘 (Lo! their reckoning) their reward and sustenance (is my Lord's concern, if ye but knew) this;
وَمَا أَنَا بِطَارِدِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
📘 (And I am not (here) to repulse believers) from the worship of Allah.
إِنْ أَنَا إِلَّا نَذِيرٌ مُبِينٌ
📘 (I am only a plain warner) I am only a Messenger warning you of a curse that you know well.
قَالُوا لَئِنْ لَمْ تَنْتَهِ يَا نُوحُ لَتَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمَرْجُومِينَ
📘 (They said: If thou cease not) from what you are saying, (O Noah, thou wilt surely be among those stoned (to death)) we will kill you just as we killed the strangers who believed in you.
قَالَ رَبِّ إِنَّ قَوْمِي كَذَّبُونِ
📘 (He said) Noah said: (My Lord! Lo! my own folk deny me) regarding the message, and have killed those strangers who believed in me.
فَافْتَحْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُمْ فَتْحًا وَنَجِّنِي وَمَنْ مَعِيَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
📘 (Therefore judge Thou between us, a (conclusive) judgement) a fair judgement, (and save me and those believers who are with me) from their torment.
فَأَنْجَيْنَاهُ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ فِي الْفُلْكِ الْمَشْحُونِ
📘 (And We saved him and those with him) among the believers (in the laden ship) and it was only waiting to sail away.
قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ يُكَذِّبُونِ
📘 (He said) Moses said: (My Lord! Lo! I fear that they will deny me) I fear that they will disbelieve in the message I bring to them,
ثُمَّ أَغْرَقْنَا بَعْدُ الْبَاقِينَ
📘 (Then afterward We drowned the others) i.e. the rest of his people, after Noah boarded the ship.
إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَةً ۖ وَمَا كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ
📘 (Lo! Herein) in that which We did with them (is indeed a portent) a sign and an admonition to those who came after them, (yet most of them are not believers) they were not believers and most of them were disbelievers.
وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ
📘 (And lo, thy Lord, He is indeed the Mighty) in retribution against them when He drowned them, (the Merciful) towards the believers when He saved them from drowning.
كَذَّبَتْ عَادٌ الْمُرْسَلِينَ
📘 ((The tribe of) 'Aad denied the messengers (of Allah)) the people of Hud denied Hud as well as all the messenger whom Hud had mentioned to them,
إِذْ قَالَ لَهُمْ أَخُوهُمْ هُودٌ أَلَا تَتَّقُونَ
📘 (When their brother) their Prophet (Hud said unto them: Will ye not ward off (evil)) the worship of other than Allah?
إِنِّي لَكُمْ رَسُولٌ أَمِينٌ
📘 (Lo! I am a faithful messenger) I am faithful regarding the message (unto you) from Allah,
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ
📘 (So keep your duty to Allah) so obey Allah regarding that which He has commanded you of repentance and faith (and obey me) in that which I command you.
وَمَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَجْرٍ ۖ إِنْ أَجْرِيَ إِلَّا عَلَىٰ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
📘 (And I ask of you no wage) no payment (therefore) for professing Allah's divine Oneness; (my wage) my reward (is the concern only of the Lord of the Worlds.
أَتَبْنُونَ بِكُلِّ رِيعٍ آيَةً تَعْبَثُونَ
📘 Build ye on every high place a monument for vain delight?) you beat up any stranger who passes by you and steal his clothes; this can also be understood in this manner: do you build in every marketplace a sign by means of which you scoff at whoever passes by you?
وَتَتَّخِذُونَ مَصَانِعَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَخْلُدُونَ
📘 (And seek ye out strongholds) houses, palaces and pools, (that haply ye may last for ever) in this worldly life? Nay, you will not last for ever!
وَيَضِيقُ صَدْرِي وَلَا يَنْطَلِقُ لِسَانِي فَأَرْسِلْ إِلَىٰ هَارُونَ
📘 (And I shall be embarrassed) because of their denial; it is also said that this means: and my heart will shrink from delivering the message, (and my tongue will not speak plainly) out of awe of him, (therefore send for Aaron (to help me)) send Aaron with me to support me; it is also said that this means: send Gabriel to Aaron so that he helps me.
وَإِذَا بَطَشْتُمْ بَطَشْتُمْ جَبَّارِينَ
📘 (And if ye seize by force, seize ye as tyrants?) And when you punish, you do so in the manner of the tyrants: you beat up and kill in a state of anger.
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ
📘 (Rather keep your duty to Allah) rather, fear Allah regarding that which He has commanded you of repentance and faith, (and obey me) and follow my way.
وَاتَّقُوا الَّذِي أَمَدَّكُمْ بِمَا تَعْلَمُونَ
📘 (Keep your duty towards Him) fear Him (who hath aided) provided (you with (the good things) that ye know),
أَمَدَّكُمْ بِأَنْعَامٍ وَبَنِينَ
📘 Then He explained what He provided them with, saying: (Hath aided ye with cattle and sons) He gave you cattle and sons.
وَجَنَّاتٍ وَعُيُونٍ
📘 (And gardens and water springs) and pure water.
إِنِّي أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ
📘 (Lo! I fear for you) I know you will be visited by (the retribution of an awful day) in the Fire, if you do not repent of disbelief, idolatry and idol worship.
قَالُوا سَوَاءٌ عَلَيْنَا أَوَعَظْتَ أَمْ لَمْ تَكُنْ مِنَ الْوَاعِظِينَ
📘 (They said: It is all one to us whether thou preachest) you warn us (or art not of those who preach) or you are a warner to us;
إِنْ هَٰذَا إِلَّا خُلُقُ الْأَوَّلِينَ
📘 (This) that in which we are now (is but a fable of the men of old) the religion of the people of old; the religion of our forefathers; it is also said that this means: what you say is nothing but the invention of the people of old,
وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمُعَذَّبِينَ
📘 (And we shall not be doomed) for adhering to this religion, as you claim.
فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَأَهْلَكْنَاهُمْ ۗ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَةً ۖ وَمَا كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ
📘 (And they denied him) they disbelieved in his message and in what he said to them; (therefore We destroyed them) by the wind. (Lo! Herein) in that which We did to them (is indeed a portent) a sign and an admonition to those who came after them, (yet most of them are not believers) they were not believers and most of them were disbelievers.
وَلَهُمْ عَلَيَّ ذَنْبٌ فَأَخَافُ أَنْ يَقْتُلُونِ
📘 (And they have a crime against me) they may retaliate against me because I killed the Copt, (so I fear that they will kill me) because of this Copt that I killed.
وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ
📘 (And lo! thy Lord, He is indeed the Mighty) in retribution against the disbelievers, (the Merciful) towards the believers, for He saved them from the wind.
كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ الْمُرْسَلِينَ
📘 ((The tribe of) Thamud denied the messengers (of Allah)) the people of Salih denied Salih just as they denied all the messengers that Salih mentioned to them.
إِذْ قَالَ لَهُمْ أَخُوهُمْ صَالِحٌ أَلَا تَتَّقُونَ
📘 (When their brother) their Prophet (Salih said unto them: Will ye not ward off (evil)) the worship of other than Allah?
إِنِّي لَكُمْ رَسُولٌ أَمِينٌ
📘 (Lo! I am a faithful messenger unto you) I am a Messenger from Allah to you, and I am faithful as regards the message I bring,
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ
📘 (So keep your duty to Allah) so fear Allah regarding that which He commanded you of repentance and faith (and obey me) and follow my way and religion.
وَمَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَجْرٍ ۖ إِنْ أَجْرِيَ إِلَّا عَلَىٰ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
📘 (And I ask of you no wage) no payment or provision (therefore) in exchange for the profession of Allah's divine Oneness; (my wage) my reward (is the concern only of the Lord of the Worlds.
أَتُتْرَكُونَ فِي مَا هَاهُنَا آمِنِينَ
📘 Will ye be left secure) from death, cessation or punishment (in that which is here before us) of bounties,
فِي جَنَّاتٍ وَعُيُونٍ
📘 (In gardens and water springs) pure water
وَزُرُوعٍ وَنَخْلٍ طَلْعُهَا هَضِيمٌ
📘 (And tilled fields and heavy sheathed palm-trees) bearing ripe and seemly fruits,
وَتَنْحِتُونَ مِنَ الْجِبَالِ بُيُوتًا فَارِهِينَ
📘 (Though ye hew out dwellings in the mountain, being skilful?) it is also said that this means: feeling proud of, and haughty about, your farms.
قَالَ كَلَّا ۖ فَاذْهَبَا بِآيَاتِنَا ۖ إِنَّا مَعَكُمْ مُسْتَمِعُونَ
📘 (He said) Allah said: (Nay, verily) I will not set them against you to kill you. (So go ye twain with Our tokens) with Our nine signs: the hand, the staff, the flood, the locusts, the lice, the frogs, blood, the lack of foodstuff and drought. (Lo! We shall be with you) We shall help you, (Hearing) what he says to you.
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ
📘 (Therefore keep your duty to Allah) fear Allah regarding that which He commanded you (and obey me) and follow my way and advice,
وَلَا تُطِيعُوا أَمْرَ الْمُسْرِفِينَ
📘 (And obey not the command of the prodigal) and obey not the words of the idolaters,
الَّذِينَ يُفْسِدُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا يُصْلِحُونَ
📘 (Who spread corruption in the earth) through disbelief, idolatry and calling to the worship of other than Allah, (and reform not) they do not command righteousness.
قَالُوا إِنَّمَا أَنْتَ مِنَ الْمُسَحَّرِينَ
📘 (They said: thou art but one of the bewitched) you are neither an angel nor a prophet;
مَا أَنْتَ إِلَّا بَشَرٌ مِثْلُنَا فَأْتِ بِآيَةٍ إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ
📘 (Thou art but a mortal) a human being (like us) you eat and drink just like we do. (So bring some token) a sign to prove what you claim (if thou art of the truthful) that the punishment is coming and that you are a Messenger to us.
قَالَ هَٰذِهِ نَاقَةٌ لَهَا شِرْبٌ وَلَكُمْ شِرْبُ يَوْمٍ مَعْلُومٍ
📘 (He said) Salih said to them: ((Behold) this she-camel) she is a sign that I am sent as a prophet to you. (She hath the right to drink (at the well)) one day, (and ye have the right to drink) another day, ((each) on an appointed day) i.e. in alternate days: one day for you and one day for her.
وَلَا تَمَسُّوهَا بِسُوءٍ فَيَأْخُذَكُمْ عَذَابُ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ
📘 (And touch her not with ill) do not hamstrung her (lest there come on you the retribution of an awful day.
فَعَقَرُوهَا فَأَصْبَحُوا نَادِمِينَ
📘 But they hamstrung her) they killed her, (and then were penitent) and they regretted killing her.
فَأَخَذَهُمُ الْعَذَابُ ۗ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَةً ۖ وَمَا كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ
📘 (So the retribution came on them) after three days. (Lo! Herein) in that which We did to them (is indeed a portent) a sign and an admonition for those who came after them, (yet most of them are not believers) they were not believers and were all disbelievers.
وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ
📘 (And lo! thy Lord) O Muhammad! (He is indeed the Mighty) in retribution against the disbelievers, (the Merciful) towards the believers.
فَأْتِيَا فِرْعَوْنَ فَقُولَا إِنَّا رَسُولُ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
📘 (And come together unto Pharaoh and say: Lo! we bear a message of the Lord of the Worlds) to you and to your people,
كَذَّبَتْ قَوْمُ لُوطٍ الْمُرْسَلِينَ
📘 (The folk of Lot denied the messengers (of Allah)) the people of Lot denied Lot and they also denied all the messengers mentioned to them by Lot,
إِذْ قَالَ لَهُمْ أَخُوهُمْ لُوطٌ أَلَا تَتَّقُونَ
📘 (When their brother) their Prophet (Lot said unto them: Will ye not ward off (evil)) will you not ward off the worship of other than Allah?
إِنِّي لَكُمْ رَسُولٌ أَمِينٌ
📘 (Lo! I am a faithful messenger unto you) from Allah and I am faithful regarding the message I have brought to you,
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ
📘 (So keep your duty to Allah) so fear Allah in that which He commanded you regarding repentance and faith (and obey me) follow my way and religion.
وَمَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَجْرٍ ۖ إِنْ أَجْرِيَ إِلَّا عَلَىٰ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
📘 (And I ask of you no wage) no payment (therefore) for professing Allah's divine Oneness; (my wage) my reward (is the concern only of the Lord of the Worlds.
أَتَأْتُونَ الذُّكْرَانَ مِنَ الْعَالَمِينَ
📘 What! Of all creatures do ye come unto the males) for sexual intercourse,
وَتَذَرُونَ مَا خَلَقَ لَكُمْ رَبُّكُمْ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِكُمْ ۚ بَلْ أَنْتُمْ قَوْمٌ عَادُونَ
📘 (And leave the wives) and avoid having sex with your wives (your Lord created for you) that your Lord made lawful for you? (Nay, but ye are froward folk) who transgress from the lawful to the unlawful.
قَالُوا لَئِنْ لَمْ تَنْتَهِ يَا لُوطُ لَتَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُخْرَجِينَ
📘 (They said: If thou cease not, O Lot) from what you say, (thou wilt soon be of the outcast) you will be expelled from our land, Sodom.
قَالَ إِنِّي لِعَمَلِكُمْ مِنَ الْقَالِينَ
📘 (He said) Lot said: (I am in truth of those who hate your conduct) your evil conduct.
رَبِّ نَجِّنِي وَأَهْلِي مِمَّا يَعْمَلُونَ
📘 (My Lord! Save me and my household from what they do.
أَنْ أَرْسِلْ مَعَنَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
📘 ((Saying): Let the Children of Israel go with Us) and do not torture them.
فَنَجَّيْنَاهُ وَأَهْلَهُ أَجْمَعِينَ
📘 So We saved him and his household, every one,
إِلَّا عَجُوزًا فِي الْغَابِرِينَ
📘 Save an old woman) his hypocrite wife (among those who stayed behind) to be destroyed.
ثُمَّ دَمَّرْنَا الْآخَرِينَ
📘 (Then afterward We destroyed the others) We destroyed the remainder of his people.
وَأَمْطَرْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ مَطَرًا ۖ فَسَاءَ مَطَرُ الْمُنْذَرِينَ
📘 (And We rained on them) on their sodomites and travellers (a rain) of stones. (And dreadful is the rain of those who have been warned) evil is the rain of stones for those who were warned by Lot but did not believe.
إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَةً ۖ وَمَا كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ
📘 (Lo! Herein) in that which We did to them (is indeed a portent) a sign and an admonition for those who came after them, (yet most of them are not believers) they were not believers and most of them were disbelievers.
وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ
📘 (And lo! thy Lord, He is indeed the Mighty) in retribution against the disbelievers, (the Merciful) towards the believers.
كَذَّبَ أَصْحَابُ الْأَيْكَةِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ
📘 (The dwellers in the wood (of Midian) denied the messengers (of Allah)) the people of Shu'ayb denied Shu'ayb just as they denied all the messengers mentioned to them by Shu'ayb,
إِذْ قَالَ لَهُمْ شُعَيْبٌ أَلَا تَتَّقُونَ
📘 (When Shu'ayb said unto them: Will ye not ward off (evil)) will you not ward off the worship of other than Allah?
إِنِّي لَكُمْ رَسُولٌ أَمِينٌ
📘 (Lo! I am a faithful messenger unto you) from Allah and I am faithful regarding the message I convey to you,
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ
📘 (So keep your duty to Allah) so fear Allah in that which He commanded you regarding repentance and faith (and obey me) and follow my way and religion.
قَالَ أَلَمْ نُرَبِّكَ فِينَا وَلِيدًا وَلَبِثْتَ فِينَا مِنْ عُمُرِكَ سِنِينَ
📘 (He said): Pharaoh looked at Moses and said: (Did we not rear thee among us as a child?) O Moses (And thou didst dwell many years of your life among us) and stayed with us for 30 years,
وَمَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَجْرٍ ۖ إِنْ أَجْرِيَ إِلَّا عَلَىٰ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
📘 (And I ask of you no wage) no payment (for it) for the profession of Allah's divine Oneness; (my wage) my reward (is the concern only of the Lord of the Worlds.
۞ أَوْفُوا الْكَيْلَ وَلَا تَكُونُوا مِنَ الْمُخْسِرِينَ
📘 Give full measure) when you measure or weigh, (and be not of those who give less (than the due)) in measurement and weighing; this is because they were well known for giving less than what is due in measurement.
وَزِنُوا بِالْقِسْطَاسِ الْمُسْتَقِيمِ
📘 (And weigh with the true balance) and weigh with the balance of justice.
وَلَا تَبْخَسُوا النَّاسَ أَشْيَاءَهُمْ وَلَا تَعْثَوْا فِي الْأَرْضِ مُفْسِدِينَ
📘 (Wrong not mankind in their goods) do not diminish people's due in measurement and weight, (and do not evil, making mischief, in the earth) do not commit transgressions and corruption in the land by giving less in measurement and weight and calling to the worship of other than Allah.
وَاتَّقُوا الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ وَالْجِبِلَّةَ الْأَوَّلِينَ
📘 (And keep your duty unto) and fear (Him Who created you and the generations of the men of old) He created the people of old before you.
قَالُوا إِنَّمَا أَنْتَ مِنَ الْمُسَحَّرِينَ
📘 (They said: thou art but one of the bewitched) you are neither an angel nor a Prophet;
وَمَا أَنْتَ إِلَّا بَشَرٌ مِثْلُنَا وَإِنْ نَظُنُّكَ لَمِنَ الْكَاذِبِينَ
📘 (Thou art but a mortal) a human being (like us) you eat and drink just as we do, (and lo! we deem thee of the liars) in what you claim.
فَأَسْقِطْ عَلَيْنَا كِسَفًا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ
📘 (Then make fragments of the heaven fall upon us) as punishment, (if thou art of the Truthful) that the punishment is coming.
قَالَ رَبِّي أَعْلَمُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ
📘 (He said) Shu'ayb said: (My Lord is best aware of what ye do) in your state of disbelief, and He is more aware of you and your punishment.
فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَأَخَذَهُمْ عَذَابُ يَوْمِ الظُّلَّةِ ۚ إِنَّهُ كَانَ عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ
📘 (But they denied him) they denied his message, (so there came on them the retribution of the day of gloom) the punishment came in the form of a cloud that stopped above them and burned them with its heat. (Lo! it was the retribution of an awful day) it was a severe day of chastisement for them.
وَفَعَلْتَ فَعْلَتَكَ الَّتِي فَعَلْتَ وَأَنْتَ مِنَ الْكَافِرِينَ
📘 (And thou didst that thy deed which thou didst) and you killed the person that you killed, (and thou wast one of the ingrates) and you are now ungrateful for my kindness,
إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَةً ۖ وَمَا كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ
📘 (Lo! Herein) in that which We did to them (is indeed a portent) a sign and an admonition for those who came after them; (yet most of them are not believers) they were not believers and most of them were disbelievers.
وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ
📘 (And lo! thy Lord! He is indeed the Mighty) in retribution against the disbelievers, (the Merciful) towards the believers.
وَإِنَّهُ لَتَنْزِيلُ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
📘 (And lo! it is) i.e. the Qur'an (a revelation) an address (of the Lord of the Worlds),
نَزَلَ بِهِ الرُّوحُ الْأَمِينُ
📘 (Which the True Spirit hath brought down) Allah sent down Gabriel, the trustworthy Gabriel, to convey the message to His prophets,
عَلَىٰ قَلْبِكَ لِتَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُنْذِرِينَ
📘 (Upon your heart) according to your memorisation; it is also said that this means: when it was recited to you, (that thou mayst be (one) of the warners) by means of the Qur'an,
بِلِسَانٍ عَرَبِيٍّ مُبِينٍ
📘 (In plain Arabic speech) He says: the Qur'an is in the Arabic usage; it is also said that this means: inform them, O Muhammad, using their own language.
وَإِنَّهُ لَفِي زُبُرِ الْأَوَّلِينَ
📘 (And lo, it is) i.e. the description of the Qur'an and Muhammad (pbuh) (in the Scriptures of the men of old) is written in the Scriptures of the prophets who came before you.
أَوَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ آيَةً أَنْ يَعْلَمَهُ عُلَمَاءُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
📘 (Is it not a token) a sign for the prophethood of Muhammad, Allah bless him and give peace, (for them) for the people of Mecca (that the doctors of the Children of Israel know it?) That is, when they asked them about Muhammad (pbuh) and the Qur'an and they informed them about both.
وَلَوْ نَزَّلْنَاهُ عَلَىٰ بَعْضِ الْأَعْجَمِينَ
📘 (And if We had revealed it) and if We sent Gabriel with the Qur'an (unto one of any other nation than the Arabs) to a person who spoke no Arabic,
فَقَرَأَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ مَا كَانُوا بِهِ مُؤْمِنِينَ
📘 (And he had read it unto them) unto Quraysh, (they would not have believed in it) i.e. in the Qur'an, because they did not believe in what was in their own language, so how were they to believe in something which is in a different language?
تِلْكَ آيَاتُ الْكِتَابِ الْمُبِينِ
📘 (These are revelations of the Scripture that maketh plain) He says: I swear by this surah, the verses of the Qur'an, which make plain the lawful and the unlawful, the commands and prohibitions.
قَالَ فَعَلْتُهَا إِذًا وَأَنَا مِنَ الضَّالِّينَ
📘 (He said) Moses said: (I did it then, when I was of those who are astray) when I was ungrateful for your kindness.
كَذَٰلِكَ سَلَكْنَاهُ فِي قُلُوبِ الْمُجْرِمِينَ
📘 (Thus do We make it) the denial (traverse the hearts of the guilty) the idolaters: Abu Jahl and his host.
لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِهِ حَتَّىٰ يَرَوُا الْعَذَابَ الْأَلِيمَ
📘 (They will not believe in it) so that they do not believe in Muhammad (pbuh) or in the Qur'an (till they behold the painful doom,
فَيَأْتِيَهُمْ بَغْتَةً وَهُمْ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ
📘 So that it) the torment (will come upon them suddenly, when they perceive not) the coming of the punishment upon them.
فَيَقُولُوا هَلْ نَحْنُ مُنْظَرُونَ
📘 (Then they will say) when the punishment comes upon them: (Are we to be reprieved) from the punishment?
أَفَبِعَذَابِنَا يَسْتَعْجِلُونَ
📘 (Would they (now) hasten on Our doom) the coming of Our punishment?
أَفَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ مَتَّعْنَاهُمْ سِنِينَ
📘 (Hast thou then seen) O Muhammad, (We content them for (long) years) in their state of disbelief,
ثُمَّ جَاءَهُمْ مَا كَانُوا يُوعَدُونَ
📘 (And then cometh that which they were promised) of punishment,
مَا أَغْنَىٰ عَنْهُمْ مَا كَانُوا يُمَتَّعُونَ
📘 ((How) that wherewith) Allah's punishment (they were contented) because of the reprieve (naught availeth them) from Allah's punishment?
وَمَا أَهْلَكْنَا مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ إِلَّا لَهَا مُنْذِرُونَ
📘 (And We destroyed no township) no inhabitants of any township (but it had its warners) warning messengers,
ذِكْرَىٰ وَمَا كُنَّا ظَالِمِينَ
📘 (For reminder) they remind them of Allah's punishment, (for We never were oppressors) by destroying them.
فَفَرَرْتُ مِنْكُمْ لَمَّا خِفْتُكُمْ فَوَهَبَ لِي رَبِّي حُكْمًا وَجَعَلَنِي مِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ
📘 (Then I fled from you when I feared you) when I feared that you would kill me, (and my Lord vouchsafed me a command) understanding, knowledge and prophethood (and appointed me (of the number) of those sent (by Him)) He made me a Messenger to you and to your people.
وَمَا تَنَزَّلَتْ بِهِ الشَّيَاطِينُ
📘 (The devils) at the time of the Prophet (pbuh) (did not bring it down) did not bring the Qur'an down.
وَمَا يَنْبَغِي لَهُمْ وَمَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ
📘 (It is not meet for them) the devils are not fit to do so, (nor is it in their power) nor could they do this,
إِنَّهُمْ عَنِ السَّمْعِ لَمَعْزُولُونَ
📘 (Lo! verily they) i.e. the devils (are banished from the hearing) they are prevented from hearing the revelation.
فَلَا تَدْعُ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَٰهًا آخَرَ فَتَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُعَذَّبِينَ
📘 (Therefore invoke not) worship not (with Allah another god) among the idols, (lest thou be one of the doomed) in the Fire.
وَأَنْذِرْ عَشِيرَتَكَ الْأَقْرَبِينَ
📘 (And warn thy tribe of near kindred) your blood relations,
وَاخْفِضْ جَنَاحَكَ لِمَنِ اتَّبَعَكَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
📘 (And lower thy wing (in kindness) unto those believers who follow thee) be kind to the believers.
فَإِنْ عَصَوْكَ فَقُلْ إِنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ
📘 (And if they) the Quraysh (disobey thee, say: Lo! I am innocent of what they do) and say.
وَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى الْعَزِيزِ الرَّحِيمِ
📘 (And put thy trust in the Mighty) in His retribution against His enemies, (the Merciful) towards you and all believers.
الَّذِي يَرَاكَ حِينَ تَقُومُ
📘 (Who seeth thee when thou standest up) in prayer,
وَتَقَلُّبَكَ فِي السَّاجِدِينَ
📘 (And (seeth) thine abasement among those who fall prostrate (in worship)) among those who pray in their bowing, prostration and standing up; it is also said that this means: in the loins of your forefathers.
وَتِلْكَ نِعْمَةٌ تَمُنُّهَا عَلَيَّ أَنْ عَبَّدْتَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
📘 (And this is the past favour wherewith) with which (thou reproachest me) O Pharaoh, but you do not recall your aloofness towards me: (that thou hast enslaved the Children of Israel.
إِنَّهُ هُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ
📘 (Lo! He, only He, is the Hearer) of what they say, (the Knower) of them and of their works.
هَلْ أُنَبِّئُكُمْ عَلَىٰ مَنْ تَنَزَّلُ الشَّيَاطِينُ
📘 (Shall I inform you upon whom the devils descend) with fortune telling?
تَنَزَّلُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ أَفَّاكٍ أَثِيمٍ
📘 (They descend on every sinful, false one) they descend on every sinful fortune teller: Musaylimah the liar and Talhah.
يُلْقُونَ السَّمْعَ وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ كَاذِبُونَ
📘 (They listen eagerly) the devils listen eagerly to the speech of the angels, (but most of them are liars) the devils are liars because they hear one thing and convey instead 100 things to fortune tellers.
وَالشُّعَرَاءُ يَتَّبِعُهُمُ الْغَاوُونَ
📘 (As for poets) 'Abdullah Ibn al-Zib'ari and his host who composed poetry, (the erring follow them) those who transmit poetry relate it from them.
أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّهُمْ فِي كُلِّ وَادٍ يَهِيمُونَ
📘 (Hast thou not seen how they) the poets (stray) they come and go, sometimes eulogizing and sometimes satirizing (in every valley) in every genre and theme,
وَأَنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ مَا لَا يَفْعَلُونَ
📘 (And how they say) in their poetry (that which they do not?) they keep mentioning �I� and �I� when things are not as they say; it is also said that this means: they say things which they cannot do; and hence both poet and narrator are in error.
إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ وَذَكَرُوا اللَّهَ كَثِيرًا وَانْتَصَرُوا مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا ظُلِمُوا ۗ وَسَيَعْلَمُ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا أَيَّ مُنْقَلَبٍ يَنْقَلِبُونَ
📘 (Save those who believe) in Muhammad (pbuh) and in the Qur'an, like Hassan Ibn Thabit and his fellow believing poets (and do good works) between them and their Lord, (and remember Allah much) in their poetry, (and vindicate themselves) through Muhammad (pbuh) and his Companions by answering back the disbelievers (after they have been wronged) after being satirized by the disbelievers. (Those who do wrong) those who satirized the Prophet (pbuh) and his Companions (will come to know by what a (great) reverse they will be overturned!) what kind of destination they will return to in the Hereafter, i.e. the Fire, if they do not believe. And Allah knows best the secrets of His Book'.
قَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ وَمَا رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ
📘 (Pharaoh said) to Moses: (And what is the Lord of the Worlds) who is the Lord of the Worlds? Is it me you are referring to?
قَالَ رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا ۖ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُوقِنِينَ
📘 ((Moses) said: Lord of the heavens and the earth) the Lord of the Worlds is the Lord of the heavens and the earth (and all that is between them) of created beings and marvels, (if ye had but sure belief) that Allah has created them.
قَالَ لِمَنْ حَوْلَهُ أَلَا تَسْتَمِعُونَ
📘 ((Pharaoh) said unto those around him) of attendants: (Hear ye not) what Moses says? There were around Pharaoh at that time 250 men wearing attires made of silk brocade plaited with gold. These men were Pharaoh's closest courtiers, and they asked Moses: who is this Lord of the heavens and the earth to whom you are calling us?
قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ وَرَبُّ آبَائِكُمُ الْأَوَّلِينَ
📘 (He said) Moses said: (Your Lord) He is your Lord (and the Lord of your fathers.
قَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَكُمُ الَّذِي أُرْسِلَ إِلَيْكُمْ لَمَجْنُونٌ
📘 (Pharaoh) said: Lo! your messenger who hath been sent unto you is indeed a madman!) They said: who is this that you are calling us to? And who is this Lord of ours who is also the Lord of our fathers, O Moses?
قَالَ رَبُّ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا ۖ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ
📘 (He said) Moses said: (Lord of the East) He is the Lord of the East (and the West) and the Lord of the West (and all that is between them, if ye did but understand) if you did but believe.
قَالَ لَئِنِ اتَّخَذْتَ إِلَٰهًا غَيْرِي لَأَجْعَلَنَّكَ مِنَ الْمَسْجُونِينَ
📘 ((Pharaoh) said: If thou choosest) if you worship (a god other than me) O Moses, (I assuredly shall place thee among the prisoners) his prisons were worse than death, for he used to put people in complete isolation, unable to see or hear anyone.
لَعَلَّكَ بَاخِعٌ نَفْسَكَ أَلَّا يَكُونُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ
📘 (It may be that thou tormentest thyself) it may be that you kill yourself with grief over them (because they believe not) because the Quraysh do not want to become believers. This is because he was very keen for them to become believers.
قَالَ أَوَلَوْ جِئْتُكَ بِشَيْءٍ مُبِينٍ
📘 (He said) Moses said: (Even though I show thee) O Pharaoh (something plain) a sign that serves as proof for what I say?
قَالَ فَأْتِ بِهِ إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ
📘 ((Pharaoh) said: Produce it then) O Moses, (if thou art of the Truthful) that you are a Messenger to me and to my people!
فَأَلْقَىٰ عَصَاهُ فَإِذَا هِيَ ثُعْبَانٌ مُبِينٌ
📘 (Then he) Moses (flung down his staff and it became a serpent) a yellow, male serpent (manifest) as huge as any serpent can be,
وَنَزَعَ يَدَهُ فَإِذَا هِيَ بَيْضَاءُ لِلنَّاظِرِينَ
📘 Pharaoh then said: �this is a manifest sign, do you have any other signs?� (And he drew forth his hand) from his armpit (and lo! it was white to the beholders) his hand had a light like the light of the sun, and whoever looked at it liked it.
قَالَ لِلْمَلَإِ حَوْلَهُ إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَسَاحِرٌ عَلِيمٌ
📘 ((Pharaoh) said unto the chiefs about him: Lo, this) messenger (is verily a knowing wizard) who is very skilful in magic,
يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُخْرِجَكُمْ مِنْ أَرْضِكُمْ بِسِحْرِهِ فَمَاذَا تَأْمُرُونَ
📘 (Who would drive you out of your land) Egypt (by his magic. Now what counsel ye) what do you suggest that I should do?
قَالُوا أَرْجِهْ وَأَخَاهُ وَابْعَثْ فِي الْمَدَائِنِ حَاشِرِينَ
📘 (They said: Put him off) retain him, ((him) and his brother) and do not kill them, (and send them) i.e. the police (into the cities) the cities where the wizards are found (summoners) to summon these wizards,
يَأْتُوكَ بِكُلِّ سَحَّارٍ عَلِيمٍ
📘 (Who shall bring unto thee every knowing wizard) who is skilful in magic so that they can do what Moses did.
فَجُمِعَ السَّحَرَةُ لِمِيقَاتِ يَوْمٍ مَعْلُومٍ
📘 (So the wizards were gathered together) there were 72 of them (at a set time on a day appointed) which was the day of the market, and it also said that it was the day of their festival, and it is also said that it was the day of their new year.
وَقِيلَ لِلنَّاسِ هَلْ أَنْتُمْ مُجْتَمِعُونَ
📘 (And it was said unto the people: Are ye (also) gathering?
إِنْ نَشَأْ نُنَزِّلْ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ آيَةً فَظَلَّتْ أَعْنَاقُهُمْ لَهَا خَاضِعِينَ
📘 (If We will, We can send down on them from the sky a portent) a sign (so that their necks would remain bowed before it) in humiliation.
لَعَلَّنَا نَتَّبِعُ السَّحَرَةَ إِنْ كَانُوا هُمُ الْغَالِبِينَ
📘 (They said): Aye, so that we may follow the wizards) that we may follow the religion of the wizards (if they are the winners) against Moses.
فَلَمَّا جَاءَ السَّحَرَةُ قَالُوا لِفِرْعَوْنَ أَئِنَّ لَنَا لَأَجْرًا إِنْ كُنَّا نَحْنُ الْغَالِبِينَ
📘 (And when the wizards came they said unto Pharaoh: Will there surely be a reward for us if we are the winners) against Moses?
قَالَ نَعَمْ وَإِنَّكُمْ إِذًا لَمِنَ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ
📘 (He said) Pharaoh said: (Aye) you will have that, (and ye will then surely be of those brought near) in terms of status, position and attending my assembly.
قَالَ لَهُمْ مُوسَىٰ أَلْقُوا مَا أَنْتُمْ مُلْقُونَ
📘 (Moses said unto them) he said to the wizards: (Throw what ye are going to throw!
فَأَلْقَوْا حِبَالَهُمْ وَعِصِيَّهُمْ وَقَالُوا بِعِزَّةِ فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّا لَنَحْنُ الْغَالِبُونَ
📘 Then they threw down their cords and their staves) 72 ropes and 72 staffs (and said) i.e. the wizards said: (By Pharaoh's might, lo! we verily are the winners) against Moses.
فَأَلْقَىٰ مُوسَىٰ عَصَاهُ فَإِذَا هِيَ تَلْقَفُ مَا يَأْفِكُونَ
📘 (Then Moses threw his staff and lo! it swallowed that which they did falsely show) of wizardry.
فَأُلْقِيَ السَّحَرَةُ سَاجِدِينَ
📘 (And the wizards were flung prostrate) they fell prostrate so fast that it looked that they were thrown to the floor, because when they saw their ropes and staffs disappear, they knew that what Moses brought was from Allah,
قَالُوا آمَنَّا بِرَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
📘 (Crying: We believe in the Lord of the Worlds) upon which Pharaoh said: are you referring to me?
رَبِّ مُوسَىٰ وَهَارُونَ
📘 They said: (The Lord of Moses and Aaron.
قَالَ آمَنْتُمْ لَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ آذَنَ لَكُمْ ۖ إِنَّهُ لَكَبِيرُكُمُ الَّذِي عَلَّمَكُمُ السِّحْرَ فَلَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ ۚ لَأُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيْدِيَكُمْ وَأَرْجُلَكُمْ مِنْ خِلَافٍ وَلَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
📘 (Pharaoh) said, You put your faith in him) you believed in him (before I give you leave) I commanded you to do so. (Lo! He) i.e. Moses (doubtless is your chief) your master wizard (who taught you magic! But verily ye shall come to know) what I will do to you. (Verily I will cut off your hands and your feet alternately) the right hand with the left leg, (and verily I will crucify you everyone) on the bank of the river of Egypt.
وَمَا يَأْتِيهِمْ مِنْ ذِكْرٍ مِنَ الرَّحْمَٰنِ مُحْدَثٍ إِلَّا كَانُوا عَنْهُ مُعْرِضِينَ
📘 (Never cometh there unto them a fresh) i.e. fresh in its coming, in succession (reminder) never did Gabriel bring revelation of the Qur'an to their Prophet (from the Beneficent One, but they turn away from it) except that they disbelieved in the Qur'an.
قَالُوا لَا ضَيْرَ ۖ إِنَّا إِلَىٰ رَبِّنَا مُنْقَلِبُونَ
📘 (They said: It is no hurt) what you do with us in this worldly life will not harm us in the Hereafter, (for lo! unto our Lord we shall return) we shall return to Allah and His reward.
إِنَّا نَطْمَعُ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ لَنَا رَبُّنَا خَطَايَانَا أَنْ كُنَّا أَوَّلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
📘 (Lo! we ardently hope that our Lord will forgive us our sins) our idolatry (because we are the first of the believers) in Moses.
۞ وَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَىٰ مُوسَىٰ أَنْ أَسْرِ بِعِبَادِي إِنَّكُمْ مُتَّبَعُونَ
📘 (And We inspired Moses, saying: Take away My slaves by night) take by night whoever believes in you from among the Children of Israel, (for ye will be pursued) Pharaoh and his people will catch up with you.
فَأَرْسَلَ فِرْعَوْنُ فِي الْمَدَائِنِ حَاشِرِينَ
📘 (Then Pharaoh sent into the cities summoners) he summoned his police force,
إِنَّ هَٰؤُلَاءِ لَشِرْذِمَةٌ قَلِيلُونَ
📘 ((Who said): Lo! These) the followers of Moses (indeed are but a little troop) a small group,
وَإِنَّهُمْ لَنَا لَغَائِظُونَ
📘 (And lo! they are offenders against us) they have caused our fury and anger.
وَإِنَّا لَجَمِيعٌ حَاذِرُونَ
📘 (And lo! we are a ready host) we are in doubt, and we will supply weapons.
فَأَخْرَجْنَاهُمْ مِنْ جَنَّاتٍ وَعُيُونٍ
📘 (Thus did We take them away from gardens and water springs) pure water,
وَكُنُوزٍ وَمَقَامٍ كَرِيمٍ
📘 (And treasures) wealth (and a fair estate) beautiful houses.
كَذَٰلِكَ وَأَوْرَثْنَاهَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
📘 (Thus) I do with the ones who disobey Me, (and We caused the Children of Israel to inherit them) to inherit Egypt after their destruction.
فَقَدْ كَذَّبُوا فَسَيَأْتِيهِمْ أَنْبَاءُ مَا كَانُوا بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ
📘 (Now they have denied) Muhammad (pbuh) and the Qur'an; (but there will come unto them tidings) the news (of that whereat they used to scoff) of chastisement; it is also said that this means: there will come to them the news of their derision of Muhammad (pbuh) and of the Qur'an.
فَأَتْبَعُوهُمْ مُشْرِقِينَ
📘 (And they overtook them at sunrise.
فَلَمَّا تَرَاءَى الْجَمْعَانِ قَالَ أَصْحَابُ مُوسَىٰ إِنَّا لَمُدْرَكُونَ
📘 (And when the two hosts) the group of Moses and that of Pharaoh (saw each other, those with Moses said: Lo! we are indeed caught) O Moses, they have caught up with us.
قَالَ كَلَّا ۖ إِنَّ مَعِيَ رَبِّي سَيَهْدِينِ
📘 (He said) Moses said: (Nay) they have not, (verily! for lo! my Lord is with me. He will guide me) He will save me from them and guide me to the right way.
فَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَىٰ مُوسَىٰ أَنِ اضْرِبْ بِعَصَاكَ الْبَحْرَ ۖ فَانْفَلَقَ فَكَانَ كُلُّ فِرْقٍ كَالطَّوْدِ الْعَظِيمِ
📘 (Then We inspired Moses, saying: Smite the sea with thy staff. And) when he hit it (it parted) into 12 roads, (and each part) and each road (was as a mountain vast) like a huge mountain.
وَأَزْلَفْنَا ثَمَّ الْآخَرِينَ
📘 (Then brought We near the others to that place) then We kept Pharaoh and his people in the cloud, and it is said in the sea, and all of them were disbelievers.
وَأَنْجَيْنَا مُوسَىٰ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ أَجْمَعِينَ
📘 (And We saved Moses and those with him, every one) from drowning;
ثُمَّ أَغْرَقْنَا الْآخَرِينَ
📘 (We drowned the others) Pharaoh and his host in the sea.
إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَةً ۖ وَمَا كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ
📘 (Lo! Herein) in that which We did to them (is indeed a portent) a sign and an admonition, (yet most of them are not believers) most of them were not believers.
وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ
📘 (And lo, thy Lord! He is indeed the Mighty) in retribution against the disbelievers, (the Merciful) towards the believers, since He saved them from drowning.
وَاتْلُ عَلَيْهِمْ نَبَأَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ
📘 (Recite unto them) unto Quraysh, your people (the story of Abraham) the event of Abraham in the Qur'an:
أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا إِلَى الْأَرْضِ كَمْ أَنْبَتْنَا فِيهَا مِنْ كُلِّ زَوْجٍ كَرِيمٍ
📘 (Have they) the disbelievers of Mecca (not seen the earth, how much of every fruitful kind We make to grow therein?)
إِذْ قَالَ لِأَبِيهِ وَقَوْمِهِ مَا تَعْبُدُونَ
📘 (When he said unto his father) Azar (and his folk) the idol worshippers: (What worship ye) Abraham said to them: what do you worship?
قَالُوا نَعْبُدُ أَصْنَامًا فَنَظَلُّ لَهَا عَاكِفِينَ
📘 (They said: We worship idols) deities, (and are ever devoted unto them) we worship them and remain devoted to their worship.
قَالَ هَلْ يَسْمَعُونَكُمْ إِذْ تَدْعُونَ
📘 (He said) Abraham said to them: (Do they hear you when ye cry) do these deities answer you when you call upon them?
أَوْ يَنْفَعُونَكُمْ أَوْ يَضُرُّونَ
📘 (Or do they benefit) you in your livelihood when you obey them (or harm you) in your livelihood when you disobey them?
قَالُوا بَلْ وَجَدْنَا آبَاءَنَا كَذَٰلِكَ يَفْعَلُونَ
📘 (They said: Nay, but we found our fathers acting on this use) we found our fathers worshipping these deities, and we have emulated them.
قَالَ أَفَرَأَيْتُمْ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْبُدُونَ
📘 (He said) Abraham said: (See now that which ye worship,
أَنْتُمْ وَآبَاؤُكُمُ الْأَقْدَمُونَ
📘 Ye and your forefathers!) before you,
فَإِنَّهُمْ عَدُوٌّ لِي إِلَّا رَبَّ الْعَالَمِينَ
📘 Lo! they are (all) an enemy unto me) and I disassociate myself from them, (save the Lord of the Worlds) except the worship of the Lord of the Worlds.
الَّذِي خَلَقَنِي فَهُوَ يَهْدِينِ
📘 (Who created me) from a sperm drop, (and He doth guide me) He preserves me on the right religion and guides me to the Truth and guidance,
وَالَّذِي هُوَ يُطْعِمُنِي وَيَسْقِينِ
📘 (And Who feedeth me) He provides for me and gives me my full when I am hungry (and watereth me) and gives me to drink when I am thirsty.
إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَةً ۖ وَمَا كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ
📘 (Lo! Herein) in the different kinds of fruit (is indeed a portent) a sign and an admonition; (yet most of them are not believers) they were not believers, and all of them were disbelievers, i.e. those who perished at Badr.
وَإِذَا مَرِضْتُ فَهُوَ يَشْفِينِ
📘 (And when I sicken, then He healeth me) He cures me from sickness when I am sick,
وَالَّذِي يُمِيتُنِي ثُمَّ يُحْيِينِ
📘 (And Who causeth me to die) in this worldly life, (then giveth me life (again)) on the Day of Judgement,
وَالَّذِي أَطْمَعُ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ لِي خَطِيئَتِي يَوْمَ الدِّينِ
📘 (And Who, I ardently hope, will forgive me my sin on the Day of Judgement) on the Day of Reckoning. His sins being his pretending that he was sick, and claiming that it was the biggest idol that smashed the smaller ones and also that his wife was his sister.
رَبِّ هَبْ لِي حُكْمًا وَأَلْحِقْنِي بِالصَّالِحِينَ
📘 (My Lord! Vouchsafe me wisdom) understanding and knowledge (and unite me to the righteous) to my forefathers, the messengers, in Paradise.
وَاجْعَلْ لِي لِسَانَ صِدْقٍ فِي الْآخِرِينَ
📘 (And give unto me a good report) a good mention (in later generations) those who come after me.
وَاجْعَلْنِي مِنْ وَرَثَةِ جَنَّةِ النَّعِيمِ
📘 (And place me among the inheritors of the Garden of Delight) and make me among the dwellers of the Garden of Bliss,
وَاغْفِرْ لِأَبِي إِنَّهُ كَانَ مِنَ الضَّالِّينَ
📘 (And forgive my father) and guide my father through me. (Lo! he is of those who err) he is in error, a disbeliever.
وَلَا تُخْزِنِي يَوْمَ يُبْعَثُونَ
📘 (And abase me not) and do not chastise me (on the day when they are raised) from the graves,
يَوْمَ لَا يَنْفَعُ مَالٌ وَلَا بَنُونَ
📘 (The day when wealth) the abundance of wealth (and sons) and abundance of sons (avail not (any man),
إِلَّا مَنْ أَتَى اللَّهَ بِقَلْبٍ سَلِيمٍ
📘 Save him who bringeth unto Allah a whole heart) a heart free of sins and love for this worldly life; it is also said that this means: a heart free of hatred for the Companions of the Prophet (pbuh).
وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ
📘 (And lo! thy Lord! He is indeed the Mighty) in retribution against the disbelievers, (the Merciful) towards the believers.
وَأُزْلِفَتِ الْجَنَّةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ
📘 (And the Garden will be brought nigh for those who ward off (evil)) disbelief, idolatry, and indecencies, becoming thus their abode.
وَبُرِّزَتِ الْجَحِيمُ لِلْغَاوِينَ
📘 (And hell will appear plainly to the erring) to the disbelievers, becoming thus their abode.
وَقِيلَ لَهُمْ أَيْنَ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْبُدُونَ
📘 (And it will be said unto them) it will be said to the idol worshippers: (Where is (all) that ye used to worship) of idols in the life of the world,
مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ هَلْ يَنْصُرُونَكُمْ أَوْ يَنْتَصِرُونَ
📘 (Instead of Allah? Can they help you) can they help you to avoid Allah's chastisement (or help themselves) or help themselves to avoid Allah's chastisement?
فَكُبْكِبُوا فِيهَا هُمْ وَالْغَاوُونَ
📘 (Then they will be hurled therein) they will be cast all together in hell, (they) the disbelievers of Mecca and all the disbelievers among human beings (and the seducers) the disbelievers of the jinn and their deities,
وَجُنُودُ إِبْلِيسَ أَجْمَعُونَ
📘 (And the hosts of Iblis) the offspring of Iblis, (together) who are the satans.
قَالُوا وَهُمْ فِيهَا يَخْتَصِمُونَ
📘 (And they) i.e. the disbelievers (will say, when they are quarrelling) with their deities, leaders and the offspring of Iblis (therein) in hell:
تَاللَّهِ إِنْ كُنَّا لَفِي ضَلَالٍ مُبِينٍ
📘 (By Allah, of a truth we were in error manifest) in the life of the world,
إِذْ نُسَوِّيكُمْ بِرَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
📘 (When we made you equal with the Lord of the Worlds) in relation to worship.
وَمَا أَضَلَّنَا إِلَّا الْمُجْرِمُونَ
📘 (It was but the guilty) the idolaters who came before us and whom we emulated (who misled us) who turned us away from faith and obedience.
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